Clade-defining mutations in human H1N1 hemagglutinin protein from 2021-2023 have opposing effects on in vitro fitness and antigenic drift
Nicholas J. Swanson, Jyothsna Girish, Madeline Yunker, Hisuan Liu, Julie M. Norton, Christa Han, Heba H. Mostafa, Katherine Fenstermacher, Richard Eric Rothman, Andrew S Pekosz
This study identifies clade-defining mutations in H1N1 hemagglutinin that improve viral fitness but reduce neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies, revealing an evolutionary trade-off between replication and immune evasion.
bioRxiv · May 18, 2024 · PreprintMicrobiology