Experimental evolution of collective β-lactam resistance in Escherichia coli via activation of a dormant outermembrane porin
Abraham Ochoa, Joost Hollander, Rotem Gross, Aditi Batra, Josia Pool, Francisca Reyes Marquez, Arjen C. van de Peppel, Joachim Krug, J. Arjan G. M. de Visser
This study shows that increased collective β-lactam resistance in E. coli arises from activation of a dormant porin, NmpC, through an insertion sequence excision, enhancing drug permeability and filamentation.
bioRxiv · Aug 22, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology