Whole-brain mapping of TMS-induced discomfort with large-scale concurrent TMS-fMRI
Zhuoran Li, Yong Jiao, Yu Zhang, Nandi Zhang, Amit Etkin, Aaron D. Boes, Desmond J. Oathes, Jing Jiang
This study maps TMS-induced discomfort across the whole brain using TMS-fMRI and shows it accounts for 12-25% of TMS-evoked responses.
bioRxiv · May 6, 2026 · PreprintNeuroscience