ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Splenic granulopoiesis and S100A9 drive resistance to checkpoint inhibitors conferred by liver metastases
Rebecca J. Lee, Steven Hooper, Laura J. Pallett…·Erik A. Sahai
This study shows liver metastases reduce checkpoint inhibitor efficacy by increasing splenic granulopoiesis and S100A9hi neutrophils, which suppress T-cell responses, and demonstrates that targeting S100A9 restores efficacy.
DOI 10.1101/2025.09.30.679035