Sophia H. Le

The paper identifies notochord enhancers in Ciona robusta and shows that Zic and ETS sites, along with other factors, regulate enhancer activity through conserved grammar.

The paper shows that optimizing low-affinity ETS binding sites in the ZRS enhancer causes limb development defects, with severity increasing with higher affinity gains.

The paper identifies ETS affinity-optimizing SNVs in heart enhancers that disrupt development and contribute to cardiac traits in Ciona and human iPSC-CMs.