Soluble LAG-3 Identifies a Dynamic Early T Cell Activation Window in self-reactivity, Type 1 Diabetes, and Broader Immune Responses.
Saptarshi Roy, Megan Lynn Proffer, Farooq Syed, Megan E. Smithmyer, Anup R. Sharma, Abigail Twoy, Emily Soohoo, Jyoti Rana, Jason M. Spaeth, Everett H. Meyer, Kent P. Jensen, CATE SPEAKE, William Hagopian, Jon D. Piganelli
This study identifies soluble LAG-3 (sLAG-3) as an early biomarker of T cell activation in type 1 diabetes, detectable before islet autoantibody development and associated with beta-cell stress and high-risk HLA genotypes.
bioRxiv · Apr 2, 2026 · PreprintImmunology