Diverse mating phenotypes impact the spread of wtf meiotic drivers in S. pombe

Abstract

Meiotic drivers are genetic loci that break Mendels law of segregation to be transmitted into more than half of the offspring produced by a heterozygote. The success of a driver relies on outcrossing because drivers gain their advantage in heterozygotes. It is, therefore, curious that Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a species reported to rarely outcross, harbors many meiotic drivers. To address this paradox, we measured mating phenotypes in S. pombe natural isolates. We found that the propensity to inbreed varies between natural isolates and can be affected both by cell density and by the available sexual partners. Additionally, we found that the observed level of inbreeding slows, but does not prevent, the spread of a wtf meiotic driver in the absence of additional fitness costs. These analyses reveal parameters critical to understanding the evolution of S. pombe and help explain the success of meiotic drivers in this species.