Isolating the key factors defining the magnitude of hippocampal neurogenesis’ effects on anxiety, memory and pattern separation

Abstract

In this paper, I analyze the hypothesis that hippocampal neurogenesis (HN) exerts its effects on behavior via activation of inhibitory circuits in the hippocampus. Using a very simple mathematical model (half-borrowed from biochemistry) to aid the reasoning, I show that the key factors determining the magnitude of HNs effects on behavior are: the baseline levels of HN in the animal, the efficiency of the animals inhibitory circuits, the strength/intensity of the stimulus presented to the animal and how much accuracy the behavioral task requires from the information contained in the hippocampal representations. Taken together, those factors can help explain patterns observed in the behavioral results for memory, pattern separation and anxiety. The conclusions of the analysis suggest that HNs effects on inhibitory circuits can explain the impact of neurogenesis in both emotion and cognition and provide a framework to interpret future studies with rodents and possibly with other species as well.