Magnetic Fields Improves the Cellular function in Hyperglycaemia

Abstract

Hyperglycaemia disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis, leading to oxidative stress, ATP depletion, lysosomal dysfunction, impaired stress signalling, and proteostasis collapse. Although static magnetic fields (SMFs) have shown therapeutic potential in diabetic models, the optimal field strength for restoring subcellular organelle integrity post high glucose associated dysfunction remains unknown. Here, using Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to 40 mM glucose, we systematically evaluated SMFs ranging from 20 to 100 mT. Hyperglycaemia induced mitochondrial fragmentation, elevated reactive oxygen species, lysosomal abnormalities, reduced ATP levels, caused developmental delay, suppression of cytoprotective stress reporters, and increased polyglutamine aggregation. Among all field strengths tested, 70 mT produced the most robust recovery, restoring mitochondrial network architecture, reducing oxidative stress, normalizing lysosomal morphology, recovering ATP homeostasis, improving developmental progression, enhancing stress-responsive signalling, reducing proteotoxic aggregates, and increasing mitochondrial resilience to secondary hypoxic stress. These findings identify an optimal therapeutic SMF window and provide the first whole-organism demonstration that appropriately tuned static magnetic fields restore mitochondrial homeostasis and reverse multiple downstream consequences of hyperglycaemic stress.