PP2A-B55α controls keratinocyte adhesion through dephosphorylation of the Desmoplakin C-terminus

Abstract

Critical for the maintenance of epidermal integrity and function are attachments between intermediate filaments (IF) and intercellular junctions called desmosomes. The desmosomal cytoplasmic plaque protein desmoplakin (DP) is essential for anchoring IF to the junction. DP-IF interactions are regulated by a phospho-regulatory motif within the DP C-terminus controlling keratinocyte intercellular adhesion. Here we identify the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-B55 holoenzyme as the major serine/threonine phosphatase regulating DPs C-terminus and consequent intercellular adhesion. Using a combination of chemical and genetic approaches, we show that the PP2A-B55 holoenzyme interacts with DP at intercellular membranes in 2D- and 3D- epidermal models and human skin samples. Our experiments demonstrate that PP2A-B55 regulates the phosphorylation status of junctional DP and is required for maintaining strong desmosome-mediated intercellular adhesion. These data identify PP2A-B55 as part of a regulatory module capable of tuning intercellular adhesion strength and a candidate disease target in desmosome-related disorders of the skin and heart.