Differentiation of Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Authentic Macrophages using Fully Defined, Serum Free, Open Source Media

Abstract

SummaryHuman iPSC and macrophages derived from them are increasingly popular tools for research into both infectious and degenerative diseases. However, as the field strives for greater modelling accuracy, it is becoming ever more challenging to justify the use of undefined and proprietary media for the culture of these cells. We describe here two fully defined, serum-free, open-source media for the culture of iPSC and differentiation of iPSC-derived macrophages. These media are equally capable of maintaining these cells compared to commercial alternatives. The macrophages differentiated in these defined media display improved terminally differentiated cell characteristics, reduced basal expression of induced anti-viral response genes, and improved polarisation capacity. We conclude that cells cultured in these media are an appropriate and malleable model for tissue resident macrophages, on which future differentiation techniques can be built.