Hormonal and reproductive studies

Total testosterone is not associated with muscle mass, function or exercise adaptations in pre-menopausal females

This study finds that total testosterone is not linked to muscle mass or strength in pre-menopausal females, but bioavailable testosterone and nuclear-localized androgen receptor are associated with muscle hypertrophy.

Nandrolone Decanoate supplementation promotes AMPK activation and divergent brain connectivity rearrangements in adult and aged mice.

This study shows that nandrolone decanoate increases AMPK activation and alters metabolic connectivity in the brains of adult and aged mice, with effects differing between age groups.

Clinical benefits and adverse effects of genetically-elevated free testosterone levels: a Mendelian randomization analysis

This study uses Mendelian randomization to assess the effects of genetically elevated free testosterone on 23 health outcomes, finding both clinical benefits and adverse effects.