Xiang Cai

This study identifies HNK's mechanism of action through astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimerization, showing it restores these heterodimers and produces rapid antidepressant effects.

This paper identifies HNK as a compound that targets astrocytic μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimers to mediate antidepressant effects through Gs signaling and CREB activation.

This study shows that the rostral prelimbic cortex's excitation/inhibition balance modulates passive coping behavior, which is affected by chronic stress and reversed by the fast-acting antidepressant HNK.