Type I and III interferons synergize with TNF to promote virally-triggered damage to the intestinal epithelium
Lucie Bernard, Jessica Anne Neil, Kayla Kim, Thomas G. Heaney, Brittany M. Miller, Damee Moon, Ashira Lubkin, Ashley Dumont, Victor J. Torres, Jordan E. Axelrad, Yu Matsuzawa, Ken Cadwell
The paper shows that IFN-β and IFN-λ, along with TNF, promote epithelial cell death in mice and human organoids, especially in those with ATG16L1 mutations, linking it to intestinal disease.
bioRxiv · Mar 18, 2026 · PreprintImmunology