This study investigates brain age differences in youth with conduct disorder compared to controls, finding accelerated brain maturation in those with adolescence-onset CD.

bioRxiv · Jan 21, 2026 · PreprintNeuroscience

Reactive/proactive aggression specific cortical and subcortical alterations in children and adolescents with disruptive behavior

Jilly Naaijen, Leandra M. Mulder, Shahrzad Ilbegi, Sanne de Bruijn, Renee Kleine Deters, Andrea Dietrich, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Jan-Bernard Cornelis Marsman, Pascal-M. Aggensteiner, Nathalie E. Holz, Boris Böttinger, Sarah Baumeister, Tobias Banaschewski, Melanie C. Saam, Ulrike Schulze, , Jan K. Buitelaar

The paper examines structural brain differences in children and adolescents with aggressive behavior, finding subtype-specific volume reductions in regions linked to decision making and empathy.

NeuroImage Clinical · Jan 1, 2020Peer-reviewedNeuroscience

Different Whole-Brain Functional Connectivity Correlates of Reactive-Proactive Aggression and Callous-Unemotional Traits in Disruptive Children and Adolescents

Julia E. Werhahn, Susanna Mohl, David Willinger, Lukasz Smigielski, Alexander Roth, Jilly Naaijen, Leandra M. Mulder, Jeffrey Colm Glennon, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Andrea Dietrich, Renee Kleine Deters, Pascal-M. Aggensteiner, Nathalie E. Holz, Sarah Baumeister, Tobias Banaschewski, , Daniel Brandeis

The paper examines functional connectivity differences in children and adolescents with disruptive behavior, finding distinct patterns for reactive and proactive aggression and callous-unemotional traits, emphasizing the role of comorbid symptoms.

bioRxiv · Apr 4, 2019 · PreprintNeuroscience