Differential effects of BCG-Russia and BCG-TICE on trained immunity: potential implications for bladder cancer immunotherapy
Richard W. Nauman, Peter A. Greer, Andrew W. Craig, Tiziana Cotechini, D. Robert Siemens, Charles H. Graham
This study compares the effects of BCG-Russia and BCG-TICE on trained immunity in mice, finding BCG-TICE induces stronger innate immune memory and inflammation-related gene expression.
PLoS ONE · Sep 11, 2026Peer-reviewedImmunology