Failure of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Therapy in Patients with Bladder Cancer is Characterized by Immune Dysfunction Associated with Activator Protein 1
Andrew Garven, Jean‐François Paré, Alexandra Robins…·Charles H. Graham
This study identifies immune dysfunction linked to AP-1 in BCG non-responders with NMIBC, suggesting pre-existing immunosenescence contributes to early recurrence.