Kieran P. Normoyle

The paper measures extracellular chloride concentrations in the brain and finds they are lower and more variable than previously thought due to displacement by immobile anions, affecting GABAA receptor function.

This paper develops techniques for high-resolution 2-photon imaging of fluorescent proteins in living swine brains, addressing challenges in motion artifact and large animal imaging.

The paper measures chloride ion concentrations in neurons to show the existence of stable cytoplasmic chloride microdomains that affect GABAergic signaling.