A copper chaperone-mimetic polytherapy for SOD1-associated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-associated mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) reduce folding stability, resulting in misfolding, aggregation, and ultimately cellular toxicity. A great deal of effort has focused on preventing the misfolding and aggregation of SOD1 as a potential therapy for ALS, however, the results have been mixed. Here, we utilise a small-molecule polytherapy of CuATSM and ebselen to mimic the metal delivery and disulfide bond promoting activity of SOD1s cellular chaperone, the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS). We find that polytherapy using CuATSM and ebselen is highly effective at reducing inclusion formation in a cell model of SOD1 aggregation, reduces mutant SOD1-associated cell death, and promotes effective maturation of SOD1 beyond either compound alone. Our data suggest that a polytherapy of CuATSM and ebselen may be an effective method of treating SOD1-associated ALS.