Mutations of R882 in DNMT3A change flanking sequence preferences and cellular methylation patterns in AML

DNMT3A R882 mutations are frequently observed in AML including the abundant R882H and the rare R882C, R882P and R882S. Using deep enzymology we show here that the DNMT3A-R882H has more than 70-fold altered flanking sequence preferences when compared with wildtype DNMT3A. The R882H flanking sequence preferences mainly differ on the 3 side of the CpG site, where they resemble DNMT3B, while 5 flanking sequence preferences of R882H resemble wildtype DNMT3A, indicating that R882H behaves like a DNMT3A/DNMT3B chimera. Activities and flanking sequence preferences of R882C, R882P and R882S were determined as well. Genomic methylation patterns after expression of wildtype DNMT3A and R882H in human cells reflect the flanking sequence preferences. R882H specific hypermethylation in AML patients are correlated with R882H flanking sequence preferences. The hypermethylation events are accompanied by R882H specific misregulation of several genes with strong cancer connection in AML patients, which are potential downstream targets of R882H.