Arabidopsis SWR1-associated protein methyl-CpG-binding domain 9 is required for histone H2A.Z deposition.

Abstract

Deposition of the histone variant H2A.Z by the SWI2/SNF2-Related 1 chromatin remodeling complex (SWR1-C) is important for gene regulation in eukaryotes, but the composition of the Arabidopsis SWR1-C has not been thoroughly characterized. Here identify interacting partners of a conserved Arabidopsis SWR1 subunit, ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6). We isolated nine predicted components, and identified additional interactors implicated in histone acetylation and chromatin biology. One of the novel interacting partners, methyl-CpG-binding domain 9 (MBD9), also strongly interacted with the Imitation SWItch (ISWI) chromatin remodeling complex. MBD9 was required for deposition of H2A.Z at a distinct subset of ARP6-dependent loci. MBD9 was preferentially bound to nucleosome-depleted regions at the 5 ends of genes containing high levels of activating histone marks. These data suggest that MBD9 is a SWR1-C interacting protein required for H2A.Z deposition at a subset of actively transcribing genes.