Chitinase-like proteins promoting tumorigenesis through disruption of cell polarity via enlarged endosomal vesicles.

Abstract

Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are associated with tissue-remodeling and inflammation but also with several disorders, including fibrosis, atherosclerosis, allergies, and cancer. However, CLPs role in tumors is far from clear. Here, we utilize Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the function of CLPs (imaginal disc growth factors; Idgfs) in RasV12 dysplastic salivary glands. We find one of the Idgfs members, Idgf3, is transcriptionally induced in a JNK-dependent manner via a positive feedback loop mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, Idgf3 accumulates in enlarged endosomal vesicles (EnVs) that promote tumor progression by disrupting cytoskeletal organization. The process is mediated via the downstream component, Spectrin, which localizes to the EnVs. Our data provide new insight into CLP function in tumors and identifies specific targets for tumor control.