Passive thrust production in animal propulsion: exploitation of velocity gradients for energy conservation
Yangfan Zhang, Robin Thandiackal, Connor F. White, Jiacheng Guo, Yu Pan, Haibo Dong, GEORGE V. LAUDER
The paper investigates how fish exploit velocity gradients to passively produce thrust, reducing locomotor costs by 74%.
bioRxiv · Sep 16, 2026 · PreprintPhysiology