Reversible RNA Acylating Reagents with Nitro Reduction Strategy

We developed a series of nitro reduction-reversible acylating reagents. Following optimization of the acylation conditions, these reagents were tested for deacylation with sodium dithionite in vitro. We applied this reversible acylation to modulate RNAzyme-mediated pre-tRNA maturation, demonstrating its ability to regulate RNA-RNA interactions. Furthermore, the in vitro reversible acylation of EGFP mRNA indicated effective control of its translational activity. To explore cellular applications, we validated NQO1-mediated deacylation in vitro and then induced hypoxia in HepG2 cells using cobalt chloride, thereby reactivating the function of acylated EGFP mRNA via endogenous NQO1. Overall, this study highlights the potential for developing nitro reduction-reversible acylation as a new strategy for RNA functional control and RNA-based drug modification.