Early life stress programming of NG2+ glia transcriptome alters functional properties of voltage gated sodium (Nav) channels and cognitive performance

Abstract

The precise mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of early life stress (ELS) on adult mental health remain still elusive. To date, most studies have exclusively targeted neuronal populations and not considered neuron-glia crosstalk as a crucially important element for the integrity of stress-related brain function. Here, we have investigated the impact of ELS on a glial subpopulation with unique properties in brain homeostasis, the NG2+ cells. ELS shifted the NG2+ transcriptome towards more mature stages, and these transcriptional effects were dependent on stress-induced glucocorticoids. The functional relevance of one candidate gene, Scn7a, could be confirmed by an increase in the density of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel activated currents in hippocampal NG2+ cells. Scn7a remained upregulated until adulthood in ELS animals, and these same animals displayed impaired cognitive performance. Considering that Nav channels are important for NG2+ cell-to-neuron communication, our findings suggest novel insights into the pathophysiology of stress-related mental disorders.