bioRxivImmunology
A live attenuated vaccine confers superior mucosal and systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants
G. Nouailles, J. M. Adler, P. Pennitz, S. Peidli, G. Teixeira Alves, M. Baumgart, J. Bushe, A. Voss, A. Langenhagen, F. Pott, J. Kazmierski, C. Goekeri, S. Simmons, N. Xing, C. Langner, R. Martin Vidal, A. Abdelgawad, S. Herwig, G. Cichon, D. Niemeyer, C. Drosten, C. Goffinet, M. Landthaler, N. Blüthgen, H. Wu, , J. Trimpert
Abstract
Vaccines are a cornerstone in COVID-19 pandemic management. Here, we compare immune responses to and preclinical efficacy of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, an adenovirus-vectored spike vaccine, and the live-attenuated-virus vaccine candidate sCPD9 after single and double vaccination in Syrian hamsters. All regimens containing sCPD9 showed superior efficacy. The robust immunity elicited by sCPD9 was evident in a wide range of immune parameters after challenge with heterologous SARS-CoV-2 including rapid viral clearance, reduced tissue damage, fast differentiation of pre-plasmablasts, strong systemic and mucosal humoral responses, and rapid recall of memory T cells from lung tissue. Our results demonstrate that use of live-attenuated vaccines may offer advantages over available COVID-19 vaccines, specifically when applied as booster, and may provide a solution for containment of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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