Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

Not Just Noise: Aperiodic Brain Activity Reflects Corticospinal Excitability

This study investigates how aperiodic and periodic EEG features influence corticospinal excitability measured by motor evoked potentials in EEG-TMS experiments.

'RMT-Finder': an automated procedure to determine the Resting Motor Threshold for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

RMT-Finder automates RMT determination in TMS, showing high reliability and equivalence to manual methods with faster execution.

Intensity-dependent corticospinal facilitation by repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation: Evidence for a major contribution of group I afferents

This study investigates how different intensities of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation affect corticospinal excitability and identifies group I afferents as a key contributor to facilitation.

A cell type-specific mechanism driving the rapid antidepressant effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation

This study identifies a cell type-specific mechanism in the prefrontal cortex that underlies the rapid antidepressant effects of a specific rTMS protocol in a mouse model.

Dorsal and ventral premotor cortices differentially influence contralateral motor cortex excitability

This study compares the effects of dorsal and ventral premotor cortices on contralateral motor cortex excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Motor Imagery Affects both Cortical and Spinal Circuitry: A Transcranial and Transspinal Magnetic Stimulation Study.

Cognitive load modulates cortical excitability in the human prefrontal cortex

This paper uses TMS-EEG to show that prefrontal cortex excitability changes with cognitive load during a multi-source interference task, linking it to theta power and showing region-specific effects.

Tuning the brain at 40 Hz: Synergistic effects of combined tACS and auditory steady-state response

This study shows that combining 40-Hz tACS with auditory stimulation increases gamma activity more than either method alone, suggesting potential clinical benefits for conditions with disrupted gamma oscillations.

Chronic subthreshold intermittent theta burst stimulation promotes structural axon initial segment plasticity in cortical neurons

This study shows that chronic intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) induces axon initial segment (AIS) plasticity in cortical neurons, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting non-synaptic mechanisms of rTMS effects.

The Rhythm of Normality: A Comprehensive Normative Database for TMS-EEG Metrics with Reliability Characterization

The paper constructs a normative TMS-EEG database with reliability analysis and identifies reliable features for individual-level comparison.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces protocol and layer specific transcriptomic plasticity in the human cortex

This study uses spatial transcriptomics to show that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation causes layer- and protocol-specific gene expression changes in human cortical tissue.

Targeted medial prefrontal cortex stimulation prevents incubation of cocaine craving and restores functional connectivity

Focal transcranial magnetic stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex prevents cocaine craving incubation and restores functional connectivity in a rat model of relapse.

Automated extraction of electrode coordinates from structural MRI to assess tDCS placement accuracy

This paper presents an algorithm to automate electrode coordinate extraction from MRI for tDCS placement accuracy assessment, showing lower localization error than manual methods.

Cell-type dependence of effects from transcranial electric brain stimulation

This study investigates how different neuron types respond to transcranial electric stimulation across frequencies using biophysically detailed models, finding frequency-specific and cell-type-dependent effects.

Non-vectorial Integration of Intersectional Short-Pulse Stimulation Enables Enhanced Deep Brain Modulation and Effective Seizure Control

This paper demonstrates that Intersectional Short-Pulse (ISP) stimulation improves seizure control in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy compared to conventional TES.

Direct Assessment of Short-Latency Intracortical Inhibition via Immediate TMS-Evoked Potentials

The paper directly measures motor cortical inhibition using immediate TMS-evoked potentials (iTEPs) instead of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), showing iTEPs provide a more accurate reflection of GABAergic inhibition.

Temporal Interference Stimulation of the Motor Cortex Produces Frequency-Dependent Analgesia

This study shows that temporal interference stimulation of the motor cortex reduces experimental pain in a frequency-dependent manner in healthy adults.

MEP-independent silent periods in hand muscles elicited by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the ventral premotor cortex: a non-invasive tool to explore premotor negative motor areas

The paper demonstrates that MEP-independent silent periods can be elicited in hand muscles via TMS of the ventral premotor cortex, suggesting a method to study premotor negative motor areas.

Causal modulation of cortical amplitude coupling through dual-site amplitude-modulated tACS

This paper shows that dual-site amplitude-modulated tACS can causally modulate interhemispheric amplitude coupling in the human brain, with effects dependent on stimulation parameters.

Non-invasive Neuromodulation Targeting Approach by Mapping Stimulations and Lesions That Modify Visual Memory

The paper identifies age-dependent neuromodulation targets for visual memory by analyzing stimulation and lesion connectivity across multiple datasets.

Transcranial random noise stimulation over the right prefrontal cortex does not improve performance on trained or untrained complex cognitive tasks

This study found no improvement in complex cognitive tasks with HD-tRNS over the right DLPFC, suggesting no benefit for learning in healthy participants.

A minimally invasive floating-wire interface for transcranial deep brain stimulation

The paper introduces FLOATES, a minimally invasive brain stimulation method that delivers focused electric fields to deep brain regions, showing improved efficiency and lower motor thresholds compared to conventional transcranial stimulation.

Precision phase targeting of event-related oscillations using real-time closed-loop TMS-EEG

This paper introduces a real-time closed-loop TMS-EEG system that directly detects oscillatory phase without prediction, improving triggering probability and reducing phase error variability compared to prediction-based methods.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Awake Rhesus macaques: Validation of a Novel Non-invasive Apparatus

This paper validates a novel non-invasive TMS apparatus in awake rhesus macaques by implementing human-like protocols and demonstrating key neurophysiological effects.

Boosting Brainpower in Ageing: Task-Specific and Transfer Effects of tDCS-Enhanced Working Memory Training

This study investigates the effects of tDCS-enhanced working memory training on older adults, finding no additional benefits from tDCS but persistent near-transfer effects and task-specific neural changes.

Effects of TMS on the decoding and electrophysiology of priority in working memory

This paper investigates how transcranial magnetic stimulation affects neural representations of unprioritized memory items in working memory using EEG and multivariate pattern analysis.

Non-invasive Stimulation of Contralateral Primary Motor Cortex Reduces the Amount of Skill Generalization to the Untrained Arm

This study shows that stimulating the contralateral primary motor cortex reduces skill generalization to the untrained arm, while not affecting retention, using rTMS in right-handed individuals.

Theta-Band Temporal Interference Stimulation Targeting the dACC Modulates Neural Gain of Prediction Error Encoding

This study uses theta-band tTIS to target the dACC and shows it modulates neural gain of prediction error encoding during reward processing.

Sleep stage-specific effects of 0.75 Hz phase-synchronized rTMS and tACS on delta frequency activity during sleep

This study investigates the effects of combined rTMS and tACS on delta oscillatory activity during sleep and finds it increases delta activity in N3 sleep but does not improve memory retention.

A Targeting Parameter Space for Personalized 4x1 HD-tES: Montage Description, Optimization and Application

This paper introduces a scalp geometry-based parameter space for personalized 4x1 HD-tES montages, achieving higher targeting intensity and focality than conventional methods.