A NOD2-Encoded Toggle Switch Resolves the Host-Microbe Battle Over Cyclic AMP Control
Mahitha Shree Anandachar, David Chen, Kennith Carpio-Perkins, Gajanan Dattatray Katkar, Suchismita Roy, Celia R. Espinoza, Madhubanti Mullick, Saptarshi Sinha, Michelle Nakayama, Jasmin Salem, Megan L. Estanol, Rishav Bhattacharjee, Kameron M. Zablan, S. Hsu, Sinclair Williams, , Pradipta Ghosh
This paper identifies a host-encoded toggle switch involving NOD2 and GIV that controls cAMP levels in macrophages, converting tolerant cells into microbicidal machines to restore microbial clearance and gut barrier integrity.
bioRxiv · Mar 31, 2026 · PreprintImmunology