When lysosomes persist: resolving the proton-sponge paradox in nanoparticle-based intracellular delivery
Indra Van Zundert, Steven Huysecom, Thibo Iven, Sandra Krzyzowska, Vince Goyvaerts, Volker Leen, Johan Hofkens, Hiroshi Uji‐i, Beatrice Fortuni, Susana Rocha
This study investigates how proton-sponge polymers like PEI enable cargo release without full nanoparticle escape, resolving a long-standing debate in nanomedicine.
bioRxiv · May 7, 2026 · PreprintCell Biology