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Cell BiologybioRxiv
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Global analysis of epigenetic heterogeneity identifies divergent drivers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

W. CAO, H. Lee, W. Wu, A. Zaman, S. McCorkle, M. Yan, J. Chen, Q. Xing, N. Sinnott-Armstrong, H. Xu, M. R. Sailani, W. Tang, Y. Cui, J. Liu, H. Guan, P. Lv, X. Sun, L. SuniD, P. Han, Y. Lou, J. Chang, J. Wang, Y. Gao, J. Guo, G. Schenk, , T. G. Bivona

Abstract

Epigenetic landscapes can shape physiologic and disease phenotypes. We used integrative, high resolution multi-omics methods to characterize the oncogenic drivers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We found 98% of CpGs are hypomethylated across the ESCC genome and two-thirds occur in long non-coding (lnc)RNA regions. DNA methylation and epigenetic heterogeneity both coincide with chromosomal topological alterations. Gene body methylation, polycomb repressive complex occupancy, and CTCF binding sites associate with cancer-specific gene regulation. Epigenetically-mediated activation of non-canonical WNT signaling and the lncRNA ESCCAL-1 were validated as potential ESCC driver alterations. Gene-specific cancer driver roles of epigenetic alterations and heterogeneity are identified.

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02 /Specification & Classification

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