The histone methyltransferase DOT1L is essential for humoral immune responses

Abstract

Histone modifiers are essential molecular regulators that underpin the ability of immune cells to reprogram their gene expression during differentiation. The recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L induces oncogenic gene expression in a subset of B cell leukemia. Despite its importance, little is known about its role in the humoral immune system. Herein, we demonstrate that DOT1L is a critical regulator of B cell biology. Dot1lf/fMb1Cre/+ mice had a block in B cell development, culminating in a significant reduction of mature B cells in the periphery. Upon immunization or influenza infection of Dot1lf/fCd23Cre/+ mice, germinal centers failed to form and class-switched antibody-secreting cells were significantly attenuated. Consequently, immunized mice revealed that DOT1L was essential for the formation of B cell memory populations. Transcriptome, pathway and histological analysis identified a key role for DOT1L in reprogramming gene expression for migration and localization during the initial stages of a humoral response. Together, these results demonstrate an essential role for DOT1L in antigen-dependent B cell differentiation and hence, in generating an effective and lasting humoral immune response.