Genome-wide analysis of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modifications throughout the mouse urogenital ridge at E11.5.

In mammals, the adrenal gland, testis and ovary arise from a common progenitor tissue known as the urogenital ridge (UGR). This small population of cells will adopt a number of different cell fates following sex determination, including forming the precursors of somatic cells (such as Sertoli and granulosa cells) and steroidogenic cells. In addition, this tissues also contains the Wolffian and Mullerian ducts that later form components of the reproductive tracts. A potential mechanism to maintain developmental plasticity of the UGR until gonad formation is through the epigenetic modification of histone proteins.\n\nIn order to provide a resource for future studies, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) for two histone modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, in the E11.5 mouse UGR. These marks are both known to reflect the active, repressive or a poised chromatin state. We found that enrichment for each histone mark reflected transcriptional activity in precursor cells of the developing gonad. From the analysis of potential enhancer/regulator peak regions for DNA binding motifs, we identified several candidate transcription factors that may contribute to gonadal cell lineage specification. We additionally identified signaling pathway genes that are targeted by both chromatin modifications. Together, these datasets provide a useful resource for investigating gene regulatory networks functioning during UGR development at E11.5.