Marine Toxins and Detection Methods

Genomic detection of domoic acid biosynthesis uncovers expanded toxigenic diversity across Pseudo-nitzschia diatoms

The paper identifies genomic features of domoic acid biosynthesis in Pseudo-nitzschia diatoms, revealing expanded toxigenic diversity and environmental expression patterns.

Hydrodynamics structure the physiological trajectory and bloom dynamics of a harmful diatom species across neighboring coastal ecosystems

This study shows that hydrodynamics, specifically dilution and advection, significantly influence the physiological trajectory and bloom dynamics of the harmful diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis across coastal ecosystems.

Chaotic dynamics in blooms of Ostreopsis cf. ovata modelled from environmental time series using ordinary differential equations systems

Phytoplankton and giant virus dynamics during different monsoon seasons, a fish kill, and a toxic bloom in a eutrophic mariculture area

The paper investigates phytoplankton and giant virus dynamics during HAB events in a eutrophic mariculture area, revealing associations between phytoplankton and giant viruses and seasonal influences on their community structure.

Influence of organs, body size and growth and domoic acid depuration in the king scallop, Pecten maximus.

This study quantifies how domoic acid depuration in king scallops correlates with body size and growth, showing a shift from negative to positive correlation after 7 months of depuration.

Saxiphilin functions as a "toxin sponge" protein that counteracts the effects of saxitoxin poisoning

This study shows that RcSxph from American bullfrogs can counteract saxitoxin poisoning in mice by binding the toxin, validating its role as a toxin sponge.

Saxiphilin is a broad-spectrum toxin sponge for C13-modified saxitoxins

This study identifies saxiphilin as a toxin sponge that binds multiple C13-modified saxitoxin congeners, revealing structural adaptability and conformational plasticity in toxin-protein interactions.

A field-ready molecular workflow for sample-to-result detection of the harmful dinoflagellate species Prorocentrum cordatum in coastal waters

This paper develops a molecular assay for detecting Prorocentrum cordatum in coastal waters using PCR and LAMP, showing PCR's higher sensitivity compared to LAMP for low cell densities.

Marine biotoxin depuration rates: management applications, research priorities, and predictions for unstudied species

This paper reviews marine biotoxin depuration rates, identifies knowledge gaps, and predicts depuration rates for unstudied species using a Bayesian model.

Paralytic Shellfish Toxin production in Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyceae): insights from omics integration using toxigenic and non-toxigenic recombinant progeny

The paper compares toxic and non-toxic strains of Alexandrium minutum using metabolomic and transcriptomic data to identify genes and intermediates involved in paralytic shellfish toxin biosynthesis.

Universal rapid RNA-based quantification of toxigenic Alexandrium species (Dinophyceae) using quantitative recombinase polymerase amplification

This paper develops a rapid qRT-RPA assay for detecting toxigenic Alexandrium species by targeting sxtA4 transcripts, achieving low detection limits and fast runtime for early warning monitoring.

A catastrophic marine mortality event caused by a complex algal bloom including the novel brevetoxin producer, Karenia cristata (Dinophyceae)

The paper identifies a novel brevetoxin-producing Karenia cristata causing a large marine mortality event in South Australia, with distinct toxin profiles compared to K. brevis.

Domoic acid biosynthesis and genome expansion in Nitzschia navis-varingica

This study identifies an expanded domoic acid biosynthesis gene cluster in Nitzschia navis-varingica through genome sequencing and biochemical validation, revealing its unique organization and evolutionary significance.

A 20-years comparative study of domoic acid depuration in king scallops, Pecten maximus, across French provinces.

This study analyzes 20 years of data to understand domoic acid depuration in king scallops across French provinces, finding no correlation with environmental factors and proposing a predictive tool for fishery management.

Structural basis for saxitoxin congener binding and neutralization by anuran saxiphilins

This paper identifies the structural basis for saxitoxin congener binding and neutralization by saxiphilins, showing how these proteins sequester toxins and reverse sodium channel blockage.

Fear of grazing rivals the toxin induction effect of nitrogen enrichment in marine harmful algae- a meta-analysis

This study compares the effects of nitrogen enrichment and grazing risk on phycotoxin induction in marine harmful algae using a meta-analysis of 37 studies.

Effects of copepod chemical cues on intra- and extracellular toxins in two species of Dinophysis

This study examines how copepod chemical cues affect toxin production in two Dinophysis species, finding increased toxins in one species under high copepodamide exposure but no effect in the other.

Proteomic and Lipidomic Plasma Evaluations Reveal Biomarkers for Domoic Acid Toxicosis in California Sea Lions

This study identifies proteomic and lipidomic biomarkers in blood samples of California sea lions to detect domoic acid toxicosis early.

The haplotype-resolved Prymnesium parvum (type B) microalga genome reveals the genetic basis of its fish-killing toxins

The paper assembles the first haplotype-resolved diploid genome of Prymnesium parvum type B, identifies genomic differences linked to toxin variation, and provides insights into strain diversity and toxin production mechanisms.

Identification of Candidate Protein Biomarkers Associated with Domoic Acid Toxicosis in Cerebrospinal Fluid of California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus)

This study identifies protein biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid that distinguish acute and chronic domoic acid toxicosis in California sea lions.

Reduced representation sequencing accurately quantifies relative abundance and reveals population-level variation in Pseudo-nitzschia spp.

This paper develops a sequencing method to accurately quantify species abundance and detect population-level variation in Pseudo-nitzschia spp., revealing associations between toxin production and genetic shifts.

New markers for qPCR detection of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella in Chile

The paper develops TaqMan markers for qPCR detection of Alexandrium catenella in Chile to enable early detection in monitoring programs.

Recovering sedimentary ancient DNA of harmful dinoflagellates off Eastern Tasmania, Australia, over the last 9,000 years

This study uses sedimentary ancient DNA analysis to track harmful dinoflagellates in Tasmanian coastal sediments over 9,000 years, revealing historical presence and recent increases in certain species.

Development of a quantitative PCR assay for the detection and enumeration of a potentially ciguatoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Gambierdiscus lapillus (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae)

This paper develops a qPCR assay to detect and quantify Gambierdiscus lapillus, a potentially ciguatoxin-producing dinoflagellate, in environmental samples from the Great Barrier Reef.

Molecular tools for phytoplankton monitoring samples

This paper evaluates DNA extraction methods and polymerases for phytoplankton monitoring, finding that Direct PCR master mix is the most effective for routine use.