ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Extracellular cGAMP transmission exacerbates neuroinflammation in aging and multiple sclerosis
Dayanne R. Carvalho, Rina Wang, Nuo Liu…·Lingyin Li
This study shows that extracellular cGAMP worsens neuroinflammation in aging and MS by activating STING in microglia, astrocytes, and inhibitory neurons, with ENPP1 acting as a protective brake.
DOI 10.64898/2026.09.30.754737