Anoxia activates CRISPR-Cas immunity in the intestine
Ian W. CampbelliD, David W. BastaiD, Franz G. ZingliD, Emily J. SullivaniD, Sudhir DorangaiD, Matthew K. WaldoriD
Abstract
The natural context in which CRISPR-Cas systems are active in Enterobacteriaceae has remained enigmatic. Here, we find that the Citrobacter rodentium Type I-E CRISPR-Cas system is activated by the oxygen-responsive transcriptional regulator Fnr in the anoxic mouse intestine. Since Fnr-dependent regulation is predicted in ~41% of Enterobacteriaceae cas3 orthologs, we propose that anoxic regulation of CRISPR-Cas immunity is an adaptation that protects Enterobacteriaceae against threats arising from the intestinal microbiome.
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