Structural Basis for the Improved RNA-Clamping of Amidino-Rocaglates to eIF4A1

Abstract

Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4A-1 (eIF4A1) is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds 5-UTR mRNA secondary structures to facilitate cap-dependent translation initiation. Rocaglates, a class of natural products typified by rocaglamide A (RocA), possess anti-neoplastic and anti-infectious activity mediated by their interaction with eIF4A1. Rocaglates inhibit cap-dependent translation initiation by "clamping" eIF4A1 onto polypurine RNA, impeding ribosome scanning. A novel class of rocaglate derivatives, amidino-rocaglates (ADRs) which feature an amidine ring fused to the rocaglate core, are particularly effective at promoting eIF4A1-RNA-clamping compared to other rocaglate congeners. Herein, we present the X-ray crystal structure of an ADR in complex with eIF4A1, the nonhydrolyzable ATP ground-state mimic adenylyl-imidodiphosphate (AMPPNP), and poly r(AG)5 RNA refined to 1.69 [A] resolution. The binding pose and interactions of the ADR with eIF4A1 do not differ substantially from those of RocA, prompting investigation of the basis for enhanced target engagement. Computational modeling suggests that the rigidified ADR scaffold is inherently preorganized in an eIF4A1-RNA-binding-competent conformation, thereby avoiding entropic penalties associated with RocA binding. This study illustrates how conformational rigidification of the rocaglate scaffold can be leveraged to improve potency for the development of rocaglates as potential anticancer and anti-infectious agents. O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=113 SRC="FIGDIR/small/616674v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (44K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@3c6dcorg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1f4ae24org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@d4e264org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@5b1bde_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG