This study demonstrates that rhodopsin-based voltage indicators can be used for two-photon voltage imaging, achieving high-fidelity action potential detection in vitro and in vivo.

Neuron · Feb 12, 2026Peer-reviewedNeuroscience

Bright and Photostable Voltage Sensors Derived from mBaoJin

Hanbin Zhang, Shihao Zhou, Tatiana P. Kuzmicheva, Oksana M. Subach, Christiane Grimm, Minho Eom, Shulamit Baror-Sebban, Yoav Adam, Young‐Gyu Yoon, Valentina Emilliani, Fedor V. Subach, Kiryl D. Piatkevich

This paper introduces two photostable voltage sensors, ElectraON and ElectraOFF, which enable longer in vivo recordings by improving photostability compared to existing GEVIs.

bioRxiv · May 30, 2025 · PreprintNeuroscience

WiChR, a highly potassium selective channelrhodopsin for low-light two-photon neuronal inhibition

Johannes Vierock, Enrico Peter, Christiane Grimm, Andrey Rozenberg, Alejandro G. Castro Scalise, Sandra Augustin, Dimitrii Tanese, Benoı̂t C. Forget, Valentina Emiliani, Oded Béjà, Peter Hegemann

The paper identifies a highly potassium-selective channelrhodopsin (WiChR) that enables efficient neuronal inhibition through two-photon optogenetics under low-light conditions.

bioRxiv · Jul 2, 2022 · PreprintNeuroscience

Anion-conducting channelrhodopsins with tuned spectra and modified kinetics engineered for optogenetic manipulation of behavior

Jonas Wietek, Silvia Rodriguez-Rozada, Janine Tutas, Federico Marcello Tenedini, Christiane Grimm, Thomas G. Oertner, Peter Soba, Peter Hegemann, J. Simon Wiegert

The paper engineers anion-conducting channelrhodopsins with tunable spectra and kinetics for optogenetic control of behavior.

Scientific Reports · Oct 27, 2017Peer-reviewedNeuroscience