Hanna F Willenbockel

Extracellular citrate modulates glutamine metabolism in human macrophages during infection

This study shows human macrophages take up extracellular citrate but do not use it as a carbon source, instead modulating glutamine metabolism and immune responses during infection.

Substrate availability and citrate alter TCA cycle metabolism and SLC13A3 in macrophage immune responses

This study shows that extracellular substrate composition affects macrophage immunometabolism, with citrate modulating immune responses and SLC13A3 expression.

Itaconate is metabolized to 2-hydroxymethylsuccinate through a CoA-independent degradation pathway in mitochondria

The paper identifies 2-hydroxymethylsuccinate as a product of itaconate metabolism via a CoA-independent pathway and shows tissue-specific degradation routes.

In vivo itaconate tracing reveals degradation pathway and turnover kinetics

This study uses mass spectrometry and in vivo 13C tracing to show itaconate is rapidly cleared from plasma, excreted in urine, and metabolized in the liver and kidneys.