Effects of P16 DNA Methylation on Proliferation, Senescence, and Lifespan of Human Fibroblasts

Abstract

The aim is to study the effects of P16 DNA methylation on lifespan of normal cells. An expression-controllable pTRIPZ vector expressing P26-specific zinc finger binding protein-based methyltransferase (P16-Dnmt) was used to induce P16 methylation in primary CCD-I8C0 fibroblasts via stable transfection. Long-term dynamic IncuCyte analysis showed that CCD-I8C0 fibroblasts expressing baseline P16-Dnmt continued proliferating until passage-26 in the 53th post-transfection week, while vector control cells stopped proliferating at passage-6 and completely died 2 weeks later. The proliferation rate of baseline P16-Dnmt cells was significantly higher than that of vector control cells. The proportion of P-galactosidase-positive staining cells was significantly decreased in baseline P16-Dnmt cells compared to vector control cells. The P16 expression was lost in baseline P16-Dnmt cells at and after passage-6. The average telomere length in baseline P16-Dnmt cells also gradually decreased. In conclusion, P16 methylation could prevent senescence, promote proliferation, and expand lifespan of human fibroblasts, which may play a role in cancer development.\n\nSummaryA zinc finger protein-based DNA methyltransferase (P16-Dnmt) expressed at the baseline level could specifically methylate P16 promoter CpG islands. P16 methylation induced by baseline P16-Dnmt could significantly prevent senescence, promote proliferation, and expand lifespan of primary human fibroblasts.