Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms

An interferon-like off-switch in invertebrates: Vago4 downregulates Domeless to restrain JAK/STAT signaling

This study identifies Vago4 as a ligand that downregulates Domeless to restrain JAK/STAT signaling in invertebrates, defining an IFN-like axis.

Horizontal transfer of an antimicrobial peptide across insects

The paper identifies horizontal gene transfer of the Drosomycin antimicrobial peptide gene across insect species, suggesting HGT contributes to immune system novelty and defense capabilities.

Pleiotropy links host axes of defense against a pathogen

This study investigates pleiotropy in host defense mechanisms of C. elegans against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by analyzing gene knockouts and their effects on multiple defense traits.

Cholinergic activation of HLH-30/TFEB promotes C. elegans infection resilience.

This study identifies acetylcholine signaling via muscarinic receptors as a driver of HLH-30/TFEB activation, enhancing infection resilience in C. elegans.

Horizontal gene transfer rivals gene duplication as a source of anti-parasitoid immune innovation in the Drosophilidae

The paper investigates anti-parasitoid immune mechanisms in Drosophilidae, finding that horizontal gene transfer of CdtB is more prevalent than melanotic encapsulation in some clades.

P. aeruginosa liquid-based pathogenesis triggers HLH-30-dependent metabolic rewiring in C. elegans

This study shows that P. aeruginosa liquid-based pathogenesis induces metabolic changes in C. elegans, involving lipid droplet depletion and HLH-30-dependent rewiring.

Regulatory divergence and effector turnover shape species-specific bacterial clearance in Drosophilidae

The paper compares immune responses across five Drosophilidae species to bacterial infection, finding that clearance, not tolerance, drives differences in survival rates and identifying new antimicrobial peptides.

The NimB2 opsonin promotes S. aureus recognition by macrophages in Drosophila melanogaster

This study identifies NimB2 as an opsonin in Drosophila that enhances recognition of Staphylococcus aureus by macrophages through binding to lipoteichoic acid and the receptor Eater.

Sex-specific regulation of macrophage function determines outcome to acute bacterial infection

This study shows that macrophage sex identity determines infection outcomes in Drosophila, with feminized male macrophages reducing susceptibility to S. aureus.

The HSP-90 co-chaperone CDC-37 regulates oomycete immunity in C. elegans through a membrane-associated pseudokinase

This study identifies CDC-37 as a regulator of oomycete immunity in C. elegans by controlling FLOR-1 localization and function through the CDC-37/HSP-90 complex.

The endosomal trafficking protein Myopic differentially regulates Drosophila C virus infection in cultured cells and adult flies

This study shows that Myopic (Mop) restricts Drosophila C virus (DCV) replication in cultured cells but has an antiviral effect in adult flies, revealing distinct roles of endosomal trafficking in antiviral defense.

Microbial odours activate protective immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans via specific olfactory neurons

The paper shows that microbial odours activate protective immunity in C. elegans via AWB olfactory neurons, enhancing resistance to various pathogens.

Neuronal regulation of infection resolution prevents ER stress and tissue damage

This study identifies AIA interneurons in C. elegans as critical for resolving infections by limiting ER stress and tissue damage after pathogen clearance.

Bravo! A Mosquito Antiviral Protein that Restricts Arboviruses through an RRM3-Dependent Nuclear Mechanism

This study identifies CqBravo as an antiviral protein in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes that restricts arboviruses through an RRM3-dependent nuclear mechanism.

Midgut damage triggers thromboxane A2-dependent hemocyte recruitment in Culex pipiens molestus

This study shows that midgut damage in mosquitoes triggers TXA2-dependent hemocyte recruitment, mediated by CYP6D3, highlighting a conserved lipid signaling pathway in insect immunity.

Intestinal lipid metabolism controls immune response through NHR-68 and gut-brain signaling in C. elegans

This study shows that NHR-68 in C. elegans links intestinal lipid metabolism to immune and behavioral responses through gut-brain signaling.

Microbiome-Derived RNA Promotes Heritable Defense Against Intracellular Pathogens in Caenorhabditis elegans

The paper identifies a microbiome-derived RNA that primes C. elegans immunity against intracellular pathogens and confers heritable protection.

Single-type neuron transcriptomics uncovers cell-type-specific regulators of host defense in Caenorhabditis elegans

The paper identifies cell-type-specific regulators of host defense in C. elegans neurons using single-type neuron transcriptomics, revealing genes critical for immune response that are missed in bulk RNA-seq.

Microbiota-induced fatty acid synthesis facilitates intestinal infection and immune-mediated damage in Drosophila

This study shows that gut microbiota, specifically Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, enhances fatty acid synthesis in Drosophila, promoting pathogen virulence and immune-mediated damage.

The tobacco hornworm as a novel host for the study of bacterial virulence

This study evaluates the tobacco hornworm as a model for bacterial virulence, showing dose-dependent mortality, secreted product effects, and dynamic bacterial distribution in infected larvae.

Mitochondrial metabolic remodeling drives innate immune activation in Drosophila hemocytes

This study shows that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming is essential for innate immune activation in Drosophila hemocytes, linking mitochondrial dynamics to immune responses.

Tumor-induced species-specific dysbiosis drives renal innate immunity and nephrogenic ascites

This study shows tumors induce species-specific microbiome changes that trigger renal inflammation and ascites in Drosophila.

HSC71 acetylation confers protection against Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting ROS production in arthropods

This study shows that acetylation of HSC71 by Crat protects arthropods from Spiroplasma eriocheiris infection by reducing apoptosis and increasing ROS production.

S-nitrosylation of the CLIP-protease, Persephone, Regulates Drosophila innate immunity

This study identifies Gsnor's role in regulating S-nitrosylation of Persephone, a Toll pathway protease, to modulate innate immunity in Drosophila.

Cold-Shock-Mediated Inhibition of Silk Extrusion in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) for Improved Handling in Infection Studies: Effects on Developmental Traits and Pathogen Susceptibility

This paper introduces a cold-shock method to inhibit silk extrusion in Galleria mellonella larvae, improving handling for infection studies without compromising viability.

Single-cell RNA analysis reveals unexpected hemocyte plasticity and immune cell specialization in a Drosophila overgrowth model

The paper uses single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze hemocyte diversity in Drosophila overgrowth models, identifying new plasmatocyte subtypes and plasticity under chronic apoptotic signaling.

Oral immune priming modulates microbiota composition and supports pathogen control in the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum)

This study demonstrates that oral immune priming in Manila clams enhances survival against a pathogen and alters microbiota composition to support pathogen control.

Infection outcomes depend on within-host spatial dynamics

This study investigates how injection site and body part affect pathogen spatial dynamics and infection outcomes in Drosophila using Providencia burhodogranariea.

Gadd45 regulates fate decisions of myeloid-type blood progenitor cells in Drosophila

This study investigates the role of Gadd45 in myeloid-type blood cell development in Drosophila, showing its impact on differentiation and signaling pathways.

Deubiquitinase USP-14 controls intestinal distension-induced immune activation in Caenorhabditis elegans via Wnt/β-catenin signaling

This study identifies USP-14 as a deubiquitinase that suppresses immune activation in C. elegans caused by gut distension via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.