This study compares SARS-CoV-2 replication in rhesus macaques after intranasal inoculation or aerosol exposure, finding differences in respiratory tract involvement.

bioRxiv · Sep 11, 2023Microbiology

Stability of mpox (monkeypox) virus in bodily fluids and wastewater

C. K. Yinda, D. H. Morris, R. Fischer, S. Gallogly, Z. Weishampel, J. R. Port, T. Bushmaker, J. E. Schulz, K. Bibby, N. van Doremalen, J. O. Lloyd-Smith, V. Munster

This study investigates the stability of MPXV in bodily fluids and wastewater, finding it remains infectious in protein-rich fluids and is effectively neutralized by chlorination.

bioRxiv · May 9, 2023 · PreprintMicrobiology

Comparative aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern

T. Bushmaker, K. C. Yinda, D. Morris, M. Holbrook, A. Gamble, D. Adney, C. Bushmaker, N. van Doremalen, R. Fischer, R. Plowright, J. O. Lloyd-Smith, V. Munster

This study compares aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants, finding early VOCs more stable than WA1, but Delta and Omicron do not show increased stability, suggesting stability changes are not the main driver of transmissibility.

bioRxiv · Nov 21, 2022 · PreprintMicrobiology

A monoclonal antibody targeting the Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein apex imparts protection from disease

V. A. Avanzato, T. Bushmaker, K. Y. Oguntuyo, K. C. Yinda, H. M. E. Duyvesteyn, R. Stass, K. Meade-White, R. Rosenke, T. Thomas, G. Saturday, K. J. Doores, B. Lee, T. Bowden, V. Munster

This study identifies a monoclonal antibody, mAb92, that targets the Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein and provides complete protection in hamsters.

bioRxiv · Sep 26, 2022Microbiology

Host and viral determinants of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Syrian hamster

J. R. Port, D. H. Morris, J. C. Riopelle, C. K. Yinda, V. A. Avanzato, M. G. Holbrook, T. Bushmaker, J. E. Schulz, T. A. Saturday, K. Barbian, C. A. Russel, R. Perry-Gottschalk, C. I. Shaia, C. Martens, J. O. Lloyd-Smith, , V. J. Munster

This study investigates how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects airborne transmission in Syrian hamsters, finding that viral shedding and transmission efficiency vary by host and virus factors.

bioRxiv · Aug 15, 2022Microbiology

Prior aerosol infection with lineage A SARS-CoV-2 variant protects hamsters from disease, but not reinfection with B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant

K. C. Yinda, J. Port, T. Bushmaker, R. Fischer, J. Schulz, M. Holbrook, C. Shaia, E. de Wit, N. van Doremalen, V. Munster

bioRxiv · May 5, 2021Microbiology

Surface-aerosol stability and pathogenicity of diverse MERS-CoV strains from 2012 - 2018

N. van Doremalen, M. C. Letko, R. Fischer, T. Bushmaker, K. C. Yinda, J. Schulz, S. N. Seifert, N. J. Kim, M. G. Hemida, G. Kayali, W. B. Park, R. Perera, A. Tamin, N. J. Thornburg, S. Tong, , V. Munster

The paper examines the environmental stability, replication kinetics, and pathogenicity of diverse MERS-CoV strains and SARS-CoV-2, finding variation in stability and pathogenicity among isolates.

bioRxiv · Feb 11, 2021 · PreprintMicrobiology

Intranasal ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccination reduces shedding of SARS-CoV-2 D614G in rhesus macaques

N. van Doremalen, J. Purushotham, J. Schulz, M. Holbrook, T. Bushmaker, A. Carmody, J. Port, K. C. Yinda, A. Okumura, G. Saturday, F. Amanat, F. Krammer, P. Hanley, B. Smith, J. Lovaglio, , V. Munster

This study shows intranasal ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination reduces SARS-CoV-2 shedding in animal models but not pneumonia protection.

bioRxiv · Jan 9, 2021 · PreprintMicrobiology

Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

D. H. Morris, K. C. H. Yinda, A. Gamble, F. W. Rossine, Q. Huang, T. Bushmaker, R. J. Fischer, M. J. Matson, N. van Doremalen, P. J. Vikesland, L. C. Marr, V. Munster, J. O. Lloyd-Smith

The paper develops a mechanistic model to predict how temperature and humidity affect the inactivation rate of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses.

bioRxiv · Oct 16, 2020Microbiology

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

N. van Doremalen, T. Lambe, A. Spencer, S. Belij-Rammerstorfer, J. Purushotham, J. Port, V. Avanzato, T. Bushmaker, A. Flaxman, M. Ulaszewska, F. Feldmann, E. Allen, H. Sharpe, J. Schulz, M. Holbrook, , V. Munster

This study shows that the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine reduces SARS-CoV-2 viral load and prevents pneumonia in rhesus macaques without causing immune-enhanced disease.

bioRxiv · May 13, 2020 · PreprintMicrobiology

A single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS provides broad protective immunity against a variety of MERS-CoV strains

N. van Doremalen, E. Haddock, F. Feldmann, K. Meade-White, T. Bushmaker, R. Fischer, A. Okumura, P. Hanley, G. Saturday, N. Edwards, M. Clark, T. Lambe, S. Gilbert, V. Munster

A single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS vaccine protects rhesus macaques and mice against MERS-CoV infection and multiple strains.

bioRxiv · Apr 13, 2020 · PreprintMicrobiology

Lek-associated movement of a putative Ebolavirus reservoir, the Hammer-headed fruit bat (Hypsignathus monstrosus), in northern Republic of Congo

S. H. Olson, G. Bounga, A. Ondzie, T. Bushmaker, S. N. Seifert, E. Kuisma, D. W. Taylor, V. J. Munster, C. Walzer

This study tracks hammer-headed fruit bats to understand their movement patterns and supports the site as a lek, with males showing stronger association than females.

bioRxiv · Jul 8, 2019Ecology