Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

Carotid body mitochondria exhibit normal oxygen affinity despite COX4I2 enrichment

This study measures mitochondrial oxygen affinity in carotid body and left ventricular tissue, finding slightly lower but not significantly different affinity in the carotid body, suggesting other factors, like NO, influence oxygen sensing.

A projection atlas of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the preBötzinger Complex: substrates for multimodal breathing control

The paper maps excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs to the preBotzinger Complex in mice, revealing its role as a hub for integrating multimodal breathing control signals.

Functional Synaptic Interactions and Inhibitory Circuitry of the PreBötzinger Complex in the Rhythmic Slice

The paper investigates synaptic interactions in the preBotzinger Complex using in vitro recordings, revealing a simplified inhibitory connectome compared to in situ conditions.

A Quest for a Histaminergic or Orexinergic Biomarker for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

This study examines the role of histaminergic and orexinergic systems in SIDS by analyzing CSF levels and neuronal counts, finding increased orexin activity but no significant HA differences.

Cortical motor activity modulates respiration and reduces apnoea in neonates

This study shows cortico-respiratory coupling in newborns is linked to reduced apnoea rates.

Modeling Insights into Potential Mechanisms of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression within Medullary and Pontine Networks

The paper uses a computational model to test how opioids affect synaptic excitability in medullary and pontine networks, suggesting selective synaptic actions may explain breathing mechanics changes in opioid-induced respiratory depression.

Sexual dimorphisms in phrenic long-term facilitation following severe acute intermittent hypoxia

This study investigates sex differences in phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF) induced by severe acute intermittent hypoxia (sAIH) in rats, finding that females show greater pLTF magnitude and that gonadectomy reduces it.

High density probes reveal medullary seizure and rapid medullary shutdown in a model of fatal apnea in seizure

This study uses high-density neural recordings to show that seizure-induced reflexive apneas in the medulla are dangerous due to rapid network shutdown, while central apneas are relatively safe.

Dynamic respiration-neural coupling in substantia nigra across sleep and anesthesia

This study examines respiration-neural coupling in the substantia nigra and motor cortex across sleep and anesthesia states in mice, finding state-dependent coupling patterns and relationships with delta power.

Dual cholinergic and serotonergic excitatory pathways mediate oxygen sensing in the zebrafish gill

This study identifies two independent oxygen-sensing pathways in zebrafish gills involving acetylcholine and serotonin, suggesting homology to mammalian pulmonary and carotid body chemoreceptors.

Melanocortin system activates carotid body arterial chemoreceptors in hypertension

The paper identifies the melanocortin system's role in heightened carotid body chemosensitivity in hypertension, showing MC4R activation influences sympathetic and ventilatory responses.

Characterisation of putative retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) chemoreceptor neurons in the adult human brainstem

This study maps the adult human retrotrapezoid nucleus (hRTN) using immunohistochemistry and compares it to rodent and primate homologies.

A cholinergic spinal pathway for the adaptive control of breathing

This study identifies a spinal cholinergic pathway that enhances breathing by amplifying phrenic motor neuron output during hypercapnia.

Functional Modulation of Retrotrapezoid Neurons Drives Fentanyl-Induced Respiratory Depression

This study shows that activating RTN Phox2b+/Nmb+ neurons can counteract fentanyl-induced respiratory depression.

Asymmetric neuromodulation in the respiratory network contributes to rhythm and pattern generation

The paper investigates how asymmetric neuromodulation in the respiratory network influences rhythm and pattern generation through computational modeling and electrophysiological experiments.

Chemogenetic stimulation of phrenic motor output and diaphragm activity

This study shows that targeting DREADD expression to phrenic motoneurons increases diaphragm activity and tidal volume in mice and rats.

Daily Acute Intermittent Hypoxia Elicits Age & Sex-Dependent Changes in Molecules Regulating Phrenic Motor Plasticity

This study investigates how daily acute intermittent hypoxia (dAIH), age, and sex affect molecules regulating phrenic motor plasticity in rats, finding age- and sex-dependent changes in gene expression related to signaling pathways involved in respiratory motor facilitation.

Oxygen chemoreceptor inhibition by dopamine D2 receptors in isolated zebrafish gills

This study shows dopamine D2 receptors in zebrafish gill chemoreceptors reduce hypoxic responses through adenylyl cyclase, linking dopamine modulation to oxygen sensing evolution.

ADENYLATE CYCLASE 3 MEDIATES CAROTID BODY ACTIVATION AND AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION IN A SLEEP APNEA MODEL

This study identifies Adcy3-dependent cAMP as a downstream signaling pathway mediating carotid body activation and autonomic dysfunction in a sleep apnea model.

Epigenetic upregulation of carotid body angiotensin signaling increases blood pressure

This study shows perinatal nicotine exposure increases DNA methylation in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene in carotid bodies, enhancing angiotensin signaling and leading to hypertension.

Microglia regulate motor neuron plasticity via reciprocal fractalkine/adenosine signaling

This study shows microglia regulate respiratory neuroplasticity through fractalkine/adenosine signaling, with distinct roles in moderate and severe hypoxia-induced plasticity.

Breathing modulates network activity in frontal brain regions during anxiety

This study investigates how breathing affects neural activity in the prefrontal cortex during anxiety in rats, finding that faster breathing correlates with increased anxiety and modulates gamma oscillations.

Vglut2-based glutamatergic signaling in central noradrenergic neurons is dispensable for normal breathing and chemosensory reflexes

This study shows that Vglut2-based glutamatergic signaling in central noradrenergic neurons is not required for normal breathing or chemosensory reflexes in mice.

Hypoxia evokes a sequence of raphe-pontomedullary network operations for inspiratory drive amplification and gasping

The paper investigates how hypoxia triggers gasping through neural network reconfiguration in the brainstem, showing disinhibition and coordinated activity in respiratory circuits.

Mapping responses to focal injections of bicuculline in the lateral parafacial region identifies core regions for maximal generation of active expiration

This study uses bicuculline injections in the lateral parafacial region to identify rostral locations as core for active expiration generation.

Sensing, Feeling, and Regulating: Investigating the Association of Focal Brain Damage with Voluntary Respiratory and Motor Control

This study examines how focal brain damage affects voluntary respiratory and motor control, finding impaired regulation and increased anxiety in specific brain regions.

Known pathogenic gene variants and new candidates detected in Sudden Unexpected Infant Death using Whole Genome Sequencing

This study identifies known pathogenic variants and new candidates in SUID using WGS, highlighting genetic factors related to heart disease and redox metabolism.

Sigh generation in preBötzinger Complex

The paper investigates neural mechanisms of sigh generation, showing that preBotC SST neurons can induce sighs independently of NMBR and GRPR pathways.

Inhibitory subpopulations in preBötzinger Complex play distinct roles in modulating inspiratory rhythm and pattern

The paper identifies distinct inhibitory subpopulations in the preBötzinger Complex and their specific roles in modulating inspiratory rhythm and pattern.

Knockdown of PHOX2B in the retrotrapezoid nucleus reduces the central CO2 chemoreflex in rats

This study shows that reducing PHOX2B in the retrotrapezoid nucleus of rats impairs CO2 chemoreflex during hypercapnia without affecting breathing in room air or hypoxia.