Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

A mechanistic model of threat-driven respiration and its homeostatic recovery in anxiety and depression

This paper introduces a mechanistic model linking threat responses to breathing patterns in anxiety and depression, validated with wearable sensor data.

AMPK-dependent brain-wide norepinephrine release promotes recovery from metabolic coma in mice

This study identifies an AMPK-dependent brainstem circuit that promotes recovery from metabolic coma in mice through widespread norepinephrine release.

A discrete Connexin26+ neural crest lineage emerges in mid-life and mediates enhanced central brainstem responses to elevated CO2 levels for deep breathing.

The paper identifies a Cx26+ neural crest lineage that emerges in mid-life and mediates enhanced CO2 responses in the brainstem, impacting breathing and metabolism.

Mafb-lineage activation of a short polyalanine (+5) PHOX2B mutation produces severe respiratory dysfunction with preserved postnatal weight gain among survivors in a mouse model of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome

This study shows that a short PHOX2B polyalanine expansion causes severe respiratory issues in mice, but survivors maintain normal weight gain when the mutation is restricted to the MafB lineage.

Intrasegmental and propriospinal pre-phrenic interneuron circuitry in intact CNS and following cervical spinal cord injury

The paper maps pre-phrenic interneuron (PP-IN) connectivity to phrenic motor neurons in uninjured and injured spinal cord, revealing intrasegmental and propriospinal pathways and their plasticity after injury.

Carotid body mitochondria exhibit normal oxygen affinity despite COX4I2 enrichment

This study measures mitochondrial oxygen affinity in carotid body and left ventricular tissue, finding slightly lower but not significantly different affinity in the carotid body, suggesting other factors, like NO, influence oxygen sensing.

Cold-acclimation, not motor inactivity, attenuates GABA signaling in the respiratory network of bullfrogs in response to overwintering

The paper shows that cold temperature, not inactivity, reduces GABAergic signaling in bullfrog respiratory networks during overwintering.

On Breathing Variability in the Tree Shrew

This study measures breathing variability in awake tree shrews, finding sex differences in short-term respiratory rhythm stability after acclimatization.

A projection atlas of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the preBötzinger Complex: substrates for multimodal breathing control

The paper maps excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs to the preBotzinger Complex in mice, revealing its role as a hub for integrating multimodal breathing control signals.

Functional Synaptic Interactions and Inhibitory Circuitry of the PreBötzinger Complex in the Rhythmic Slice

The paper investigates synaptic interactions in the preBotzinger Complex using in vitro recordings, revealing a simplified inhibitory connectome compared to in situ conditions.

Developmental Arrest Associated with Altered Cerebellar Metabolism in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

The paper investigates cerebellar dysfunction in SIDS by integrating multi-omic data, finding metabolic and developmental abnormalities linked to neuroinflammation and impaired autonomic responses.

Fentanyl-Induced Diaphragmatic Discoordination during Overdose

This study investigates fentanyl-induced diaphragmatic discoordination in mice, identifying two phases of respiratory dysfunction and showing that MOR antagonism reverses disordered diaphragm activity.

Leptin alleviates obesity hypoventilation via serotonergic pathways

This study shows leptin alleviates obesity hypoventilation by activating serotonergic neurons in the medullary raphe that innervate hypoglossal motoneurons.

A Quest for a Histaminergic or Orexinergic Biomarker for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

This study examines the role of histaminergic and orexinergic systems in SIDS by analyzing CSF levels and neuronal counts, finding increased orexin activity but no significant HA differences.

A noradrenergic Ih-dependent pacemaker system drives sniffing

The paper identifies a noradrenergic Ih-dependent pacemaker system in the preBotzinger Complex that drives sniffing, distinct from eupneic breathing mechanisms.

Acute buprenorphine exposure depresses neonatal respiratory chemoreflexes in the presence or absence of naloxone

This study shows that acute buprenorphine exposure reduces ventilation and metabolic rates in neonatal rats, with pre-treatment with naloxone mitigating these effects.

A neuron-glia circuit anticipates hypoxia to regulate organismal oxygen use

The paper identifies a neuron-glia circuit in zebrafish that anticipates hypoxia by integrating behavioral intent and physiological state to prevent internal oxygen depletion.

Cortical motor activity modulates respiration and reduces apnoea in neonates

This study shows cortico-respiratory coupling in newborns is linked to reduced apnoea rates.

Fentanyl + Xylazine Co Administration Leads to Sustained Depression of Breathing and Body Temperature Likely Driven by mu Opioid and alpha2a Adrenergic Pathway Interactions

This paper investigates the combined effects of fentanyl and xylazine on respiratory and thermoregulatory function in mice, finding that their co-administration leads to prolonged respiratory depression and hypothermia through interactions between mu opioid and alpha2a adrenergic pathways.

Modeling Insights into Potential Mechanisms of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression within Medullary and Pontine Networks

The paper uses a computational model to test how opioids affect synaptic excitability in medullary and pontine networks, suggesting selective synaptic actions may explain breathing mechanics changes in opioid-induced respiratory depression.

Glutamate co-release from catecholaminergic neurons shapes breathing and is inhibited during opioid-induced respiratory depression

The paper shows that glutamate co-release from catecholaminergic neurons modulates breathing and is inhibited by opioids, affecting respiratory patterns in mice.

Melanocortin receptor 4 agonist setmelanotide treats opioid-induced respiratory depression

This study shows setmelanotide reduces opioid-induced respiratory depression in mice without reversing analgesia.

Epigenetic Silencing of Carotid Body TRPM7 Attenuates Hypertension in Obese Mice

This study shows that reversing DNA methylation at the Trpm7 promoter in carotid bodies of obese mice reduces hypertension by decreasing Trpm7 expression and nerve activity.

A hypoxia-sensitive medullary nucleus modulates cerebral blood flow via a disynaptic pathway to cortex

This study identifies a hypoxia-sensitive pathway in the RVLM that modulates cerebral blood flow through disynaptic connections to the cortex.

Noradrenergic neuromodulation produces a NMDAR-dependent network state of respiratory rhythmogenesis in the preBotzinger Complex

This study shows that noradrenergic modulation enhances inspiratory network synchrony via NMDAR activity, stabilizing respiratory rhythmogenesis in the preBotzinger complex.

Sexual dimorphisms in phrenic long-term facilitation following severe acute intermittent hypoxia

This study investigates sex differences in phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF) induced by severe acute intermittent hypoxia (sAIH) in rats, finding that females show greater pLTF magnitude and that gonadectomy reduces it.

Drowning a frog respiratory rhythm generator in a wash of excitation: State-dependent architecture of a ventilatory oscillator

The paper shows that increased network excitation in frogs transforms a discrete buccal oscillator into a diffuse network, suggesting respiratory rhythm generators are flexible rather than fixed.

Disruption of Pre-Bötzinger Complex neuropeptidergic tonality controls fear and metabolic response

This paper identifies a brainstem circuit involving PAC1R in preBotC neurons that links stress responses to metabolic regulation, showing its role in fear, respiration, and energy expenditure.

High density probes reveal medullary seizure and rapid medullary shutdown in a model of fatal apnea in seizure

This study uses high-density neural recordings to show that seizure-induced reflexive apneas in the medulla are dangerous due to rapid network shutdown, while central apneas are relatively safe.

Dynamic respiration-neural coupling in substantia nigra across sleep and anesthesia

This study examines respiration-neural coupling in the substantia nigra and motor cortex across sleep and anesthesia states in mice, finding state-dependent coupling patterns and relationships with delta power.