Discover, rate, and discuss biology preprints.
363,000+ bioRxiv and medRxiv preprints, including those later published in peer-reviewed journals, across 26 biological disciplines.
Recent preprints
- ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Atomic Layering Thermostable Antigen and Adjuvant (ALTA(R)) platform provides unique antigen delivery system through controlled release to improve immune response to vaccination
Keith A. Strand, Heather D’Angelo, Ashley M Gerwing…·Sky W. Brubaker
This paper demonstrates that ALTA(R) vaccine particles provide sustained antigen release, improving immune response to single-shot vaccination compared to liquid regimens.
- ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Salmonella SPI2 evades detection by NAIP/NLRC4 despite utilization of a detectable needle
Jinyi (Sammy) Guo, Farhan Lakhani, Cody G. Vientos…·Edward A. Miao
This study shows Salmonella SPI2 evades NAIP/NLRC4 detection by limiting SsaG expression, despite SsaG being detectable when artificially delivered.
1 citation - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
O-GlcNAcylation drives macrophage IL-4 responsiveness and tissue residency through metabolic and cell cycle calibration
Graham A. Heieis, Conor M. Finlay, Thiago A. Patente…·Bart Everts
3 citations - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Putative target antigens of the stereotyped intrathecal B cell response in multiple sclerosis
Johanna Henny Wagnerberger, Mari B. Gornitzka, Felix F. Loeffler…·Andreas Lossius
The paper identifies putative antigen targets of a stereotyped intrathecal B cell response in multiple sclerosis by generating monoclonal antibodies and using IPMS/MS to screen against proteins.
DOI 10.64898/2026.01.03.697481 - ImmunologyVaccinesPeer-reviewed
Divalent HIV-1 gp120 Immunogen Exhibits Selective Avidity for Broadly Neutralizing Antibody VRC01 Precursors
Ryan Bailey, Kalista Kahoekapu, Albert To…·Iain MacPherson
This paper designs a rigid divalent immunogen that selectively binds VRC01-class antibodies with higher avidity than non-target antibodies, supporting its use in vaccine development.
DOI 10.3390/vaccines14010058 - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Sub-neutralizing concentrations of Zika virus IgM monoclonal antibodies reduce IgG-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement of infectivity.
Matthias Lingemann, Taylor J. McGee, Giacomo Sidoti Migliore…·Mattia Bonsignori
The paper shows that sub-neutralizing concentrations of ZIKV IgM monoclonal antibodies reduce IgG-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement of infectivity in vitro and in infected individuals.
DOI 10.64898/2026.01.03.697490 - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Post-COVID impairment of memory T cell responses to community-acquired pathogens can be rectified by activating cellular metabolism
Daniel D. Carroll, Kamacay Cira, Jack Archer…·Lavanya Visvabharathy
This study shows that post-COVID-19 mitochondrial dysfunction impairs T cell memory responses to pathogens, but can be improved with metformin and ubiquinol.
2 citations - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Single-cell characterization and machine learning-based classification reveal the transcriptional identity and antigen-experienced features of peripheral CD4+CD8+ double-positive T cells
Eunji Shin, Seung Gyu Yun, Yunjung Cho
The paper identifies and classifies rare peripheral CD4+CD8+ double-positive T cells using single-cell RNA sequencing and machine learning, revealing their antigen-experienced features and cytotoxic potential.
- ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
CAR-T-drug conjugate against solid tumor
Shan Xin, Yanzhi Feng, Feifei Zhang…·Sidi Chen
This paper introduces CAR-T-drug conjugates (CAR-T-D-C) to improve CAR-T therapy for solid tumors by combining chemotherapy with CAR-T cells, enhancing tumor infiltration and immune response.
DOI 10.64898/2026.01.02.696502 - ImmunologyNature Biomedical EngineeringPeer-reviewed
Generation of T cells with reduced off-target cross-reactivities by engineering co-signalling receptors
Jose Cabezas-Caballero, Anna Huhn, Mikhail A. Kutuzov…·Omer Dushek
This study shows that switching CD8 with CD4 co-receptor in cytotoxic T cells reduces off-target cross-reactivity without altering the TCR, enhancing T cell therapy safety.
7 citationstop 1% - ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
Interplay between the immune response and the adaptation of metabolic pathways upon infection
Andriy Goychuk, David Goh, Sergio Eraso…·Arup K. Chakraborty
The paper develops a mathematical model to study how immune responses and metabolic pathway adaptations interact during infection, finding that glucose redistribution and cytokine regulation are critical for effective pathogen clearance.
- ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
TMEM33 deletion potentiates anti-tumor CD8+ T cell immunity
Matthew P. Jackson, T. Zhao, Gusztav Milotay…·Eileen E. Parkes
This study shows TMEM33 limits progenitor-exhausted CD8+ T cells, enhances anti-tumor responses, and correlates with improved survival in melanoma patients.
DOI 10.64898/2026.01.01.697288 - ImmunologyProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPeer-reviewed
Memory B cell Development in Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 and Nanoparticle Immunization in Mice
Marie Wiatr, zijun wang, Marie Canis…·Michel C. Nussenzweig
This study compares memory B cell responses to mRNA and nanoparticle vaccines in mice, finding similar antibody sequences but better breadth from mosaic nanoparticle vaccines.
4 citationstop 1% - ImmunologyScience ImmunologyPeer-reviewed
Pathogenic IgE-fated memory B cell responses retain functional plasticity
Kelly M. Bruton, Allyssa Phelps, Atai Ariaz…·Manel Jordana
This study shows that blocking IL-4/IL-13 signaling can reprogram allergen-specific memory B cells from a pathogenic IgE fate to a non-pathogenic IgG2c fate.
- ImmunologybioRxivPreprint
State-Dependent Regulatory Compression: Chromatin Geometry Gates Information Flow in Hematopoiesis
Roberto Navarro Quiroz, Elkin Navarro Quiroz
The paper identifies regulatory compression as an organizational principle in hematopoiesis, showing how chromatin geometry influences information flow through selective pathways in progenitor and differentiated cells.
- ImmunologyProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPeer-reviewed
Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Potential of Fatty Acids as Regulators of Stem-like Exhausted CD8 T Cells During Chronic Viral Infection
Katelynn R. Kazane, Lara Labarta-Bajo, Dina Zangwill…·Elina I. Zúñiga
This study identifies fatty acids as regulators of stem-like exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection, showing their impact on mitochondrial fitness and viral control.
8 citationstop 1% - ImmunologyFrontiers in ImmunologyPeer-reviewed
Pox-AbDab: the Orthopoxvirus Antibody Database
Henriette Capel, Eric Ji Da Wang, Ben H. Williams…·Matthew I. J. Raybould
This paper introduces Pox-AbDab, a database of antibodies against orthopoxviruses, highlighting challenges in cross-species antibody function and identifying gaps in research.
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1698441 - ImmunologyEuropean Journal of ImmunologyPeer-reviewed
A transcriptional map of human tonsil architecture:beyond the sum of (single cell) parts
Helena Lucia Crowell, Laura Llaó Cid, Gerard Frigola…·Anna Pascual‐Reguant
The paper uses spatial molecular imaging data to map human tonsil architecture and provides an analytical framework for Spatial Immunology.
3 citationstop 5% - ImmunologyDiscovery ImmunologyPeer-reviewed
Fixation matters: duration in fixative prior to immunofluorescent analysis directly impacts macrophage visualisation in epithelial tissues
Lizi M. Hegarty, Erin Watson, Calum C. Bain, Elaine Emmerson
This study shows that short fixation times improve macrophage detection in immunofluorescent analysis of mouse and human tissues, without affecting other markers.