M. Caskey

Transcription of HIV-1 at sites of intact latent provirus integration

This study examines transcription of HIV-1 at sites of intact latent provirus integration in T cells, finding that latent proviral promoters are significantly less active than in productively infected cells and have minimal impact on neighboring gene expression.

SARS-CoV-2 spike glycosylation affects function and neutralization sensitivity

This study examines how SARS-CoV-2 spike glycosylation affects viral function and neutralization sensitivity to antibodies.

Epistasis lowers the genetic barrier to SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody escape

The paper shows that epistasis reduces the genetic barrier for SARS-CoV-2 variants to escape broadly neutralizing antibodies by enabling resistance through combinations of mutations.

Memory B cell responses to Omicron subvariants after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA breakthrough infection

This study compares memory B cell responses after Delta and Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infections versus mRNA vaccine doses, finding that Delta infection boosts overall memory B cell potency and breadth, while Omicron infection only enhances strain-specific responses.

Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 elicited by combination COVID-19 vaccination regimens

This study compares humoral immune responses to different SARS-CoV-2 vaccination regimens, finding differences in antibody and memory B cell responses and neutralizing breadth against variants.

Antibody evolution to SARS-CoV-2 after single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine

This study compares memory B cell responses after single-dose Ad26.COV2.S and mRNA vaccines, finding lower quantities but comparable neutralizing quality in Ad26.COV2.S recipients.

Distinct gene expression by expanded clones of quiescent memory CD4+ T cells harboring intact latent HIV-1 proviruses

Increased Potency and Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies After a Third mRNA Vaccine Dose

This study shows that a third mRNA vaccine dose increases the potency and breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, particularly against the Omicron variant, through the expansion and evolution of memory B cells.

Conserved Neutralizing Epitopes on the N-Terminal Domain of Variant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins

The paper identifies conserved neutralizing epitopes on the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins using NTD-specific probes and characterizes antibodies that neutralize multiple variants.

Longitudinal clonal dynamics of HIV-1 latent reservoirs measured by combination quadruplex polymerase chain reaction and sequencing

This study uses Q4PCR to measure longitudinal changes in HIV-1 latent reservoirs, finding that intact proviruses decay faster than defective ones and show increased clonal expansion over time.

High genetic barrier to escape from human polyclonal SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

This study shows that multiple neutralizing epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins are targeted by polyclonal antibodies, and 20 mutations can confer resistance, but vaccinated and infected individuals' plasma neutralizes these resistant variants and diverse sarbecoviruses.

Anti- SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Antibody Evolution after mRNA Vaccination

This study examines memory B cell evolution 5 months after mRNA vaccination in naive individuals, finding increased neutralizing activity but no further breadth or potency, and higher overall plasma neutralizing potency compared to natural infection.

Naturally enhanced neutralizing breadth to SARS-CoV-2 after one year

This study shows that convalescent individuals with or without vaccination maintain neutralizing activity and memory B cells against SARS-CoV-2 for up to one year, with vaccination enhancing breadth and potency against variants.

Mutational escape from the polyclonal antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is largely shaped by a single class of antibodies

The paper maps mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD that escape binding by three antibody classes and finds that plasma escape maps closely resemble those of a single antibody class targeting site E484.

Development of potency, breadth and resilience to viral escape mutations in SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

This study examines how somatic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 antibodies affect their neutralization potency, breadth, and resistance to escape mutations across six antibody lineages.

mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants

This study examines antibody and memory B cell responses to mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and assesses their effectiveness against emerging variants.

Persistent Cellular Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The paper shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to persistent, functional memory T cell responses and enduring immune alterations in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells six months post-infection.

Evolution of Antibody Immunity to SARS-CoV-2

This study examines the evolution of antibody immunity to SARS-CoV-2 over time, finding that memory B cells evolve with increased potency and resistance to mutations.

Sequence evaluation and comparative analysis of novel assays for intact proviral HIV-1 DNA

This study compares two novel assays, IPDA and Q4PCR, for measuring intact HIV proviral DNA in ART-suppressed individuals, finding significant differences in their frequency estimates.

Neutralizing activity of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies against primary African isolates

This study evaluates the neutralizing activity of 9 anti-HIV-1 bNAbs against primary African isolates, finding reduced potency and breadth compared to pseudotyped viruses.

Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization by Secretory IgA in vitro

This study shows that secretory IgA, particularly dimers, are more potent than IgG in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, suggesting their importance for mucosal protection and vaccine design.

Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants

The paper shows SARS-CoV-2 variants resistant to neutralizing antibodies can be selected and are present in circulating populations, suggesting the need for combination antibody therapies.

Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses

The paper describes assays using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses to measure SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity, showing correlation with authentic assays.

Structures of human antibodies bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike reveal common epitopes and recurrent features of antibodies

Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convalescent Individuals

The paper analyzes antibody responses in convalescent individuals, finding low neutralizing titers but rare potent RBD-specific antibodies with broad antiviral potential.

Public broadly neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis B virus in individuals with elite serologic activity

The paper identifies broadly neutralizing antibodies against HBV in elite neutralizers and shows that combinations of bNAbs targeting different epitopes are more effective than single bNAbs.

Antigen responsive CD4+ T cell clones contribute to the HIV-1 latent reservoir

The paper shows that antigen-responsive CD4+ T cell clones with latent HIV-1 proviruses persist in individuals, suggesting antigen exposure contributes to reservoir longevity.