Influenza Virus Research Studies

The paper reports the cryo-EM structure of H5N1 hemagglutinin showing an auto-glycan from N169 binds the receptor-binding site, highlighting auto-glycan recognition in zoonotic transmission.

This paper develops a single-cycle influenza vaccine, CLEARFLU, that induces neutralising antibodies to haemagglutinin and T-cell responses, offering broad and strain-specific protection.

This study examines how poultry vaccination affects H5 avian influenza virus transmission and evolution, finding increased nonsynonymous divergence in vaccinated poultry lineages.

This study identifies GGCX as a key factor enabling EA H1N1 SIV adaptation to human-type -2,6 sialic acid receptors through HA carboxylation, suggesting it as a potential antiviral target.

Haemagglutinin of US cattle and goat H5N1 binds only avian-type receptors and fuses at pH 5.9; seven emerging cattle mutations did not switch receptor preference.

The paper tests for antibodies and active infection in seabirds following H5N1 outbreaks, finding varied antibody prevalence and low asymptomatic infection rates.

The paper reports two novel introductions of human-origin H3N2 Influenza viruses in Chilean swine during 2023 and identifies reassortment patterns similar to those observed in the USA.

The paper identifies a nanobody that targets a conserved epitope on influenza A virus H7 hemagglutinin, providing cross-subtype neutralization and protection.

The paper compares replication efficiency and host response of H5N1 influenza viruses in human lung organoids, finding that A/Vietnam/1203/2004 replicates most efficiently.

This study shows that delayed innate immune responses to influenza B virus in ferrets lead to weaker antibody responses compared to influenza A virus.

The paper evaluates nanopore sequencing for rapid AIV profiling, showing its ability to accurately reconstruct viral genomes and detect RNA modifications.

WaveSeekerNet predicts IAV subtypes and host source using attention-based deep learning, outperforming existing models in accuracy and efficiency.

The paper develops datasets for Nextclade to enable rapid and accurate clade assignment of avian influenza A(H5) viruses, validated against existing tools.

The paper identifies genetic signatures in influenza A viruses associated with interspecies transmission between swine and humans using phylogenetic analysis and machine learning.

This paper tracks the evolution and epidemiology of H3N2 canine influenza virus over 20 years in dogs, showing it evolves at a constant rate and spreads rapidly in dense populations but requires long-distance dispersal to sustain outbreaks.

This study examines cytokine levels in serum during acute respiratory infection and their relationship to age, finding elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in infected individuals and age-related trends in healthy cohorts.

The paper quantifies neutralizing antibody responses to influenza strains using sera collected in 2024-2025 to inform vaccine-strain selection for 2025.

This study uses deep mutational scanning to analyze the functional impact of NEP mutations in influenza A virus, revealing pleiotropic effects on viral replication and host adaptation.

This study assesses serological protection against H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses and evaluates the effectiveness of seasonal flu vaccines in inducing protective immunity.

This study shows that human ANP32A/B are SUMOylated, enabling avian influenza virus NS2 to enhance polymerase activity and overcome species-specific restrictions.

This study identifies a single mutation in H5N1 viruses from dairy cows that increases receptor binding breadth to avian receptors, suggesting potential for expanded host range.

The paper detects a reassortant H3N2 influenza A virus in farmed mink in British Columbia, linked to swine and human origins, highlighting zoonotic risks and the need for surveillance.

This study compares replication and pathogenicity of cattle-origin H5N1 influenza viruses in mammals and birds, finding higher replication efficiency and pathogenicity in human-adapted isolates.

The paper analyzes T cell epitopes from H5N1 and seasonal influenza viruses, finding conserved epitopes and cross-reactivity, suggesting pre-existing immunity may reduce H5N1 severity.

This study shows that equine H3N8 vaccine induces broad protection against influenza in multiple animal models, including neutralizing antibodies against diverse viral strains.

This paper tests DDO268 as an adjuvant for an influenza A virus nucleoprotein mRNA vaccine in mice, showing enhanced immune responses and protection against viral challenge.

This study shows that an Ascophyllum nodosum extract inhibits influenza virus infection by targeting virions and neuraminidase activity, reducing viral load in mice.

This study tracks the emergence and spread of a new H1N2 1C genotype in French swine influenza viruses, showing its rapid dominance and antigenic changes.

This study compares the ability of seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses to antagonize interferon induction and signaling at the single-cell level, finding differences in their IFN antagonism potential.

This study shows influenza A viruses use a burnt-bridge Brownian ratchet mechanism for directed motion through mucus, operating in an optimal parameter range due to evolutionary adaptation.