Influenza Virus Research Studies

This study identifies an antibody that cross-reacts with H5N1 and H3N2 neuraminidases and shows how somatic hypermutation enables this cross-reactivity.

The paper assesses AIV prevalence and risk factors in backyard birds in Pakistan, finding higher prevalence in chickens and pigeons with species-specific associations.

The paper creates a high-resolution antigenic map of A(H5) HA and uses it to design vaccine antigens that confer broad immunity against diverse A(H5) viruses.

This study uses high-throughput DNA-PAINT to analyze influenza virus genome packaging, revealing cooperative and flexible segment interactions that guide genome assembly.

The paper examines influenza A virus detachment dynamics through simulations and theoretical analysis, showing detachment time depends on multiple factors and is not governed by a Poisson distribution.

This paper develops recombinant influenza A viruses expressing nanoluciferase for in vitro and in vivo tracking of viral infections, showing they replicate efficiently and can be imaged using IVIS.

This study characterizes a broad-neutralizing influenza antibody, 1122A11, showing it neutralizes multiple NA subtypes and adapts to recent glycosylation changes in H3N2 viruses.

Intranasal hemagglutinin boosters after mRNA-LNP vaccination induce mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza A virus in mice.

This study compares the attachment patterns of H5N1 HPAI HA proteins from clade 1 and 2.3.4.4b to avian and mammalian tissues, finding comparable binding despite antigenic divergence.

This study identifies intersegment interactions in influenza A virus infected cells using LIGR-seq, showing they form in viral inclusions and are influenced by vRNP concentration and Rab11.

The paper analyzes the epigenomic changes in innate immune cells after influenza virus infection and finds coordinated rewiring of the epigenetic landscape.

This study shows pigeons are not easily infected by H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus and cannot transmit it to other birds or chickens.

The paper reports the first detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV in a sheep in Great Britain, highlighting the zoonotic potential and implications for interspecies transmission.

This study shows that macaques can elicit human-like broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza HA stem regions, with similar immunogenetic and structural features.

This paper improves the expression and stability of influenza neuraminidase by grafting antigenic loops from low-expressing variants onto high-expressing scaffolds, resulting in vaccine-effective hybrid proteins.

This paper shows that influenza A virus sequesters dsRNA in infected cells to evade the innate immune response, with NS1 masking dsRNA and NEP controlling its nuclear translocation.

This study identifies viral expansion after transfer as a key factor in influenza A virus transmission bottlenecks, showing that diversity declines rapidly post-infection.

This study investigates the factors driving the shift in dominance from H5N8 to H5N1 HPAIVs in wild birds, finding that viral pathogenicity and immune responses differ between subtypes.

The paper shows ciliated airway cells activate influenza HA more efficiently than non-ciliated cells, and HA activation occurs intracellularly in the Golgi, affecting antiviral protease inhibitor efficacy.

VaxSeer selects influenza vaccine strains using evolutionary and antigenicity models to predict future effectiveness, outperforming annual recommendations.

This paper identifies a PB2-627V mutation in avian influenza viruses that enhances pandemic potential by overcoming host restriction through ANP32A proteins in both avian and mammalian hosts.

This study quantifies the sources and sinks of influenza A virus genomic diversity in U.S. swine from 2009 to 2022, showing regional hotspots and the role of swine transport in diversity spread.

The paper analyzes antibody responses in dairy cattle to H5N1 avian influenza viruses using store-bought milk samples, finding a uniform antibody response across diverse herds.

The paper compares nasal and bronchial mucus from human airway cultures to identify components that influence influenza A virus inhibition.

The paper develops and optimizes pseudotyped viruses for influenza C and D to enable antiviral screening and sero-epidemiological studies.

This paper develops a bioluminescent H5N1 influenza virus to track infection and test antiviral drugs in vitro and in vivo.

This study examines how mammalian- and avian-origin A(H1N1) influenza viruses interact with respiratory and gut bacteria, showing differential effects on viral infectivity when exposed to bacterial LPS.

This study shows that serial passage of a human-origin H3N2 virus in swine tracheal epithelial cells selects for adaptive HA mutations that increase viral fitness in swine cells.

This study identifies compensatory mutations that cause replication defects in a CpG-enriched influenza A virus, revealing polymerase slippage and type I interferon induction as key mechanisms.

The paper conducts active surveillance of influenza A virus in swine farms and nurseries, revealing within-farm reassortment, cocirculation of subtypes, and human-to-swine transmission events.