Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms

Pathogen-Induced Damage in Drosophila: Uncoupling Disease Tolerance from Resistance

This study investigates disease tolerance in Drosophila by exposing it to heat-killed Pseudomonas entomophila, finding that mortality and fecundity reduction depend on exposure duration, sex, and bacterial virulence, with microbiota exacerbating effects.

Immune-mediated indirect interaction between gut microbiota and bacterial pathogens

This study investigates whether Imd-dependent AMPs mediate indirect interactions between gut microbiota and pathogens in a tripartite context, finding that Imd-independent AMPs and microbiota-mediated immune priming influence infection outcomes.

ADAPTATION AGAINST LONG-TERM PROTEIN DEPRIVATION TRADES OFF WITH IMMUNOCOMPETENCE AND THE ABILITY TO SURVIVE PATHOGENIC INFECTIONS

This study shows that Drosophila melanogaster selected for increased early-life reproduction under protein limitation show reduced immune resistance and survival after infection, with these effects being sex-specific and mitigated by mating.

Dietary shifts in infected mosquitoes suggest a form of self-medication despite benefits in uninfected individuals

The paper shows infected mosquitoes adjust their diet to reduce parasite load and extend lifespan, suggesting self-medication despite benefits in uninfected individuals.

The major role of the REL2/NF-κB pathway in the regulation of midgut bacterial homeostasis in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae

This study shows that REL2/NF-κB signaling regulates midgut bacterial homeostasis in Anopheles gambiae, with loss of REL2 causing dysbiosis and reduced Plasmodium falciparum prevalence.

Diacylglycerol metabolism drives host-pathogen responses during enteric infection in Drosophila

This study shows that diacylglycerol (DAG) metabolism in Drosophila midgut enterocytes regulates host-pathogen responses by controlling defecation and bacterial clearance.

Drosophila host defense mechanisms against filamentous fungal pathogens with diverse lifestyles

This study investigates Drosophila immune responses to diverse fungal pathogens, identifying the Toll pathway and melanization as key defenses, while highlighting fungal adaptations to evade these mechanisms.

Serratia marcescens Outer Membrane Vesicles rapidly paralyze Drosophila melanogaster through triggering apoptosis in the nervous system

This study shows that Serratia marcescens outer membrane vesicles trigger apoptosis in Drosophila neurons, leading to rapid paralysis through reactive oxygen species and the metalloprotease PrtA.

Methylparaben dampens virulence and transmissibility of the Drosophila pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila

This study shows that methylparaben reduces the virulence and transmissibility of Pseudomonas entomophila in Drosophila, highlighting the impact of food preservatives on pathogen behavior.

Fly wounds and tumors restrict macrophages via a matrix degradation-moderating protease inhibitor

This study shows that Tep3 limits macrophage attachment to damaged and transformed epithelia by inhibiting MMP1 proteolytic activity, reducing BM DAMP production and promoting tumor progression.

Immune priming in the insect gut: a dynamic response revealed by ultrastructural and transcriptomic changes

This paper investigates immune priming in the gut of Tribolium castaneum using RNA sequencing and transmission electron microscopy, showing that priming leads to gut damage, stress response, and gene upregulation that enhances protection against subsequent infection.

Aedes aegypti VLG-1 challenges the assumed antiviral nature of Vago genes.

This study challenges the assumed antiviral role of Vago genes in Aedes aegypti by showing that VLG-1 has a modest proviral effect during DENV and ZIKV infections.

An ancient evolutionary origin for IL-1 cytokines as mediators of immunity

This study identifies an ancient evolutionary origin of IL-1 cytokines in invertebrates, showing they share key features with mammalian IL-1 proteins and suggest a foundational role in animal immunity.

TNF signaling mediates cellular immune function and promotes malaria parasite killing in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae

This study identifies a conserved TNF signaling pathway in Anopheles gambiae that regulates immune cell function and limits Plasmodium parasite survival.

Disruption of hemocyte differentiation and distribution in Drosophila Ptr23c mutants

This study investigates the role of Ptr23c in Drosophila hemocyte differentiation and distribution, finding that it regulates timing rather than quantity.

Microbiota drives the sexually dimorphic infection outcomes in mealworm beetles

This study shows that microbiota influences sex-specific infection outcomes in mealworm beetles, with females being more susceptible and microbiota depletion reducing this dimorphism.

Pathogen Subversion of Neuro-Epidermal Signaling Impairs Lysosomal Function to Disrupt Collagen Homeostasis

This study shows that pathogen-induced neuronal signaling disrupts lysosomal function and collagen homeostasis in C. elegans, identifying NSIF-1 and ELT-3 as key regulators.

Combined cellular and proteomics approach suggest differential processing of native and foreign vibrios in the sponge Halichondria panicea

The paper compares phagocytic processing of native and foreign Vibrio isolates in sponges, finding differential cellular and proteomic responses.

White Spot Syndrome Virus Immediate-Early Protein (wsv100) Antagonizes the NF-kappaB Pathway to Inhibit Innate Immune Response in shrimp

This study identifies wsv100 as a WSSV protein that inhibits the NF-kappaB pathway in shrimp, suppressing immune responses and enhancing viral replication.

Locust cGAS-like receptors recognize derivatives of a Gypsy retrotransposon to synergize with RNAi against viral invasion

This study identifies LmGypsy, a retrotransposon in locusts, as a mediator of antiviral immunity that synergizes with RNAi and cGAS-like receptors to defend against viral infection.

Carotenoid-based immune response in sea cucumbers relies on newly identified coelomocytes -- the carotenocytes

This study identifies carotenoid-rich coelomocytes in sea cucumbers, challenging the assumption that hemocytes contain haemoglobin and proposing a new classification as carotenocytes.

'Disease-smart' assisted migration can enhance population fitness and increase resistance to pathogens via immune priming

The paper shows that adding immune-primed migrants to small inbred populations improves survival against pathogens, while non-primed migrants only enhance reproduction.

Recognition of pathogenic bacteria by intestinal progenitors promotes adult Drosophila midgut regeneration via PGRP-MKK3-p38 signalling.

This study shows that Drosophila midgut progenitors detect pathogenic bacteria via PGRP-LC/LE and activate MKK3-p38 signaling to drive ISC proliferation and midgut regeneration.

Immune cell type divergence in a basal chordate

This study identifies immune cell types in the basal chordate Ciona robusta using single-cell RNA sequencing and finds divergence from vertebrate immune cells.

Drosophila melanogaster Toll-9 elicits antiviral immunity against Drosophila C virus.

This study identifies Toll-9 as a key receptor for antiviral immunity against Drosophila C virus, showing it binds dsRNA, activates RNAi, and induces apoptosis.

Functional Characterization of Paillotin: An Immune Peptide Regulated by the Imd Pathway with Pathogen-Specific Roles in Drosophila Immunity

This study identifies Paillotin as a novel Drosophila immune peptide regulated by the Imd pathway, showing increased susceptibility to specific infections in mutants.

Venom vesicles from the parasitoid Ganaspis hookeri facilitate venom protein entry into host immune cells

The paper investigates how venom vesicles from Ganaspis hookeri parasitoid wasps facilitate the entry of venom proteins, including SERCA, into host immune cells to suppress immune responses.

The expanded immunoregulatory protease network in mosquitoes is governed by gene co-expression

This study identifies 27 CLIPs in Anopheles gambiae that form two subnetworks regulating antimicrobial activity and infection resistance through baseline co-expression rather than infection-induced upregulation.

Activation of the innate immune system accelerates growth in cooperation with oncogenic Ras

This study shows that innate immune pathway activation can promote tumor growth when combined with oncogenic Ras in Drosophila.

A conserved, immune-regulated peritrophin promotes Vibrio cholerae colonization of the arthropod intestine

The paper identifies Peri-15a, a chitin-binding protein upregulated by immune activation in enteroendocrine cells, as essential for Vibrio cholerae colonization of arthropod intestines.