Cognitive Abilities and Testing

Hippocampal subfield volumes contribute to working memory interference control in aging: Evidence from longitudinal associations over 5 years

This study examines how hippocampal subfield volumes relate to working memory interference control over 5 years, finding reduced subiculum volume linked to impaired proactive interference control, especially in older adults.

Visual orientation discrimination skills are tightly linked with specific aspects of human intelligence

The paper links visual orientation discrimination skills with specific cognitive abilities measured by IQ tests in humans.

Aging Decreases the Precision of Visual Working Memory

This study shows that aging reduces the precision of visual working memory, with increased error variability but no change in random response probability.

Structural brain correlates of non-verbal cognitive ability in 5-year-old children: findings from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study

Adaptive Encoding Speed in Working Memory

This study shows that young adults can adapt their encoding speed in working memory based on expected time constraints, but cannot use explicit cues to do so.

Gene-experience correlation during cognitive development: Evidence from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) StudySM

The paper examines gene-experience correlations in cognitive development using ABCD Study data, finding stronger genetic associations with crystallized intelligence measures and significant mediation by recreational reading.

Structural architecture and brain network efficiency links polygenic scores to intelligence

This study links polygenic scores for intelligence and educational attainment to brain structure and network efficiency, showing mediation through fiber connectivity and parieto-frontal surface area.

Cortical thickness, gray matter volume and cognitive performance: a cross-sectional study of the moderating effects of age on their inter-relationships

This study examines how age moderates the relationships between cortical thickness, gray matter volume, and cognitive performance in adults.

Intelligence and Visual Mismatch Negativity: Is Pre-Attentive Visual Discrimination Related to General Cognitive Ability?

This study investigates the relationship between intelligence and visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) and finds no significant association between vMMN amplitudes or latencies and intelligence scores.

Neural contributions to reduced fluid intelligence across the adult lifespan

This paper investigates how age-related changes in frontoparietal brain activity mediate declines in fluid intelligence and identifies physical activity variety as a potential modifiable factor.

Brain Volumes, Thicknesses, and Surface Areas as Mediators of Genetic Factors and Childhood Adversity on Intelligence

The paper examines how brain volumes, thicknesses, and surface areas mediate genetic and environmental effects on intelligence using UK Biobank data.

Overflow of Working Memory from an Easily Accessible Active State

The paper investigates working memory by measuring recall times for memorized color/letter pairs, finding that recently encoded memories are retrieved faster, suggesting an active state with limited capacity.

The genetics of specific cognitive abilities

This paper reviews twin studies on heritability of specific cognitive abilities, finding substantial heritability similar to general intelligence, and suggests future genomic research to predict these traits independently of general intelligence.

Graph lesion-deficit mapping of fluid intelligence

This study uses lesion-deficit mapping to identify the neural substrates of fluid intelligence, finding that right frontal regions, not distributed networks, are critical.

Brain aging differs with cognitive ability regardless of education

The paper investigates how general cognitive ability relates to cortical brain volume changes over time, finding associations with both brain reserve and maintenance mechanisms.

Educational Attainment Polygenic Scores, Socioeconomic Factors, and Cortical Structure in Children and Adolescents

This study examines the independent associations of educational attainment polygenic scores and parental education with cortical structure and neurocognitive skills in children and adolescents.

Human brain anatomy reflects separable genetic and environmental components of socioeconomic status

The paper examines how socioeconomic status (SES) influences brain anatomy, identifying both genetic and environmental contributions to grey matter volume across different brain regions.

On the prediction of human intelligence from neuroimaging: A systematic review of methods and reporting

This paper reviews methods for predicting human intelligence from neuroimaging data, finding differences in performance between general and fluid intelligence predictions.

Sulcal depth in prefrontal cortex: A novel predictor of working memory performance

The paper identifies sulcal depth in lateral prefrontal cortex as a predictor of verbal working memory performance in children and adolescents.

The influence of learning on robustness of working memory to distractors

This study examines how learning affects the robustness of working memory to distractors in a Sternberg-like task, showing that training impacts accuracy and reaction times differently.

Intra-individual variability in task performance after cognitive training is associated with long-term outcomes in children

This study shows that reduced intra-individual variability in response times after working memory training in children is linked to better academic and mental health outcomes months later.

The Neural Correlates of Working Memory Training in Typically Developing Children - Working Paper

This study investigates how working memory training affects neural mechanisms in children, finding increased functional connectivity and recruitment of specific brain regions.

Pathfinder: A gamified measure to integrate general cognitive ability into the biological, medical, and behavioural sciences

The paper introduces a gamified cognitive ability measure, Pathfinder, which shows heritability and genetic prediction of general cognitive ability.

A morphometric double dissociation: cortical thickness is more related to aging; surface area is more related to cognition

This study shows cortical thickness is more linked to aging, while surface area is more linked to cognitive abilities, using brain imaging data from healthy adults.

Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Polygenic Scores for Cognition Have Independent Associations with Cognitive Performance in Childhood

This study shows that childhood socioeconomic status and polygenic scores for cognition independently affect cognitive performance in children, with no interaction between the two factors.

Association between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Executive System Activation in Youth

This study examines how neighborhood socioeconomic status affects executive system activation during a working memory task in youth and identifies mediating brain activity patterns.

The genetic etiology of longitudinal measures of predicted brain ageing in a population-based sample of mid to late-age males

This study investigates the genetic and environmental factors influencing longitudinal predicted brain ageing (PBA) using MRI data from mid to late-age males, finding significant genetic heritability and stability over time.

Longitudinal white matter changes associated with cognitive training

This study examines cognitive training effects on white matter changes and transfer to similar or different tasks, finding no transfer but distinct white matter modifications in trained groups.

Individualized prediction of future cognition using baseline developmental changes in cortical anatomy

The paper predicts future cognition using dynamic cortical anatomy changes from longitudinal neuroimaging data in children.

Education and income show heterogeneous relationships to lifespan brain and cognitive differences across European and US cohorts

The paper examines how education and income relate to brain and cognitive differences across European and US cohorts, finding heterogeneous effects and stronger associations in US samples.