Spaceflight effects on biology

A Computational Model for Retinal Hemodynamics Under Gravitational and Postural Variations

This study develops a computational model to simulate retinal hemodynamics under gravitational and postural changes, showing how posture affects vessel pressures and perfusion.

Machine learning ensemble identifies distinct age-related response to spaceflight in mammary tissue

The paper uses machine learning to analyze spaceflight effects on mammary tissue, finding age-related differences in molecular pathways linked to breast cancer.

Immune responses to human pathogens exposed to simulated Mars conditions

This study examines how simulated Mars conditions affect immune responses to bacterial pathogens, finding altered cytokine secretion, ROS production, and phagocytic activity in human immune cells.

Expression of the p53 Network Aging-associated Genes shaken, not stirred in a 3-Week Microgravity Simulation Human Study

This study examines the effects of simulated microgravity on p53 network gene expression in human T cells over three weeks, finding differential expression of aging-related genes.

Hypergravity is more challenging than microgravity for the human sensorimotor system

This study compares the effects of microgravity and hypergravity on sensorimotor control during reaching tasks, finding that hypergravity impairs accuracy while microgravity allows accurate performance.

Comparative analysis of red blood cell under real and simulated microgravity conditions

The paper compares changes in red blood cells under simulated microgravity and normal conditions using spectroscopy and optical trapping, finding reduced haematocrit, haemolysis, and altered morphology.

Metabolic Profiles of Encapsulated Chondrocytes Exposed to Short-Term Simulated Microgravity

This study examines metabolic changes in chondrocytes under simulated microgravity, finding metabolic shifts linked to early osteoarthritis.

Adaptation to space conditions of novel bacterial species isolated from the International Space Station revealed by functional gene annotations and comparative genome analysis

The paper functionally annotates genomes of ISS-isolated bacteria and identifies adaptations to space conditions through comparative genomics and proteome analysis.

Physical exercise restores adult neurogenesis deficits induced by simulated microgravity

This study shows that simulated microgravity reduces adult neurogenesis in rats, but physical exercise can reverse these effects in specific brain regions.

Collection of Biospecimens from the Inspiration4 Mission Establishes the Standards for the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA)

This paper describes the collection and processing of biospecimens from the Inspiration4 space mission to establish standards for space omics and medical research.

Inflammasome-Inhibiting Nanoligomers are Neuroprotective Against Space-Induced Pathology in Healthy and Diseased 3D Human Motor and Pre-Frontal Cortex Brain Organoids

The paper demonstrates that nanoligomers targeting NF-κB and IL-6 mitigate space-induced neurodegeneration in brain organoids, showing potential for neuroprotective countermeasures and drug screening.

Enhanced assembly of bacteriophage T7 produced in cell-free reactions under simulated microgravity

This study shows that simulated microgravity increases the production of infectious bacteriophage T7 virions in cell-free reactions.

Spaceflight causes strain-dependent gene expression changes associated with lipid and extracellular matrix dysregulation in the mouse kidney in vivo

This study shows spaceflight induces strain-dependent gene expression changes in mouse kidneys, linked to lipid and extracellular matrix dysregulation, with C57BL/6J mice showing a stronger response.

Systemic Genome Correlation Loss as a Central Characteristic of Spaceflight

The paper identifies Systemic Genome Correlation Loss as a key biosignature of spaceflight by analyzing transcriptomic data from multiple datasets.

Feasibility of cognitive neuroscience data collection during a speleological expedition

The paper tests the feasibility of collecting cognitive neuroscience data during a cave expedition, finding it viable for studying brain state and performance in complex environments.

Studies on the International Space Station to assess the effects of microgravity on iPSC-derived neural organoids

This study examines the effects of microgravity on iPSC-derived neural organoids using samples from the International Space Station, finding reduced cell proliferation and increased neural maturity in space-cultured organoids.

Time-resolved molecular measurements reveal changes in astronauts during spaceflight

This study analyzes time-resolved biochemical and immune measurements from 27 astronauts before, during, and after spaceflight to identify physiological changes linked to spaceflight conditions.

Artificial Gravity During a Spaceflight Analog Alters Brain Sensory Connectivity

This study examines how artificial gravity affects brain functional connectivity during bed rest, finding differential changes in somatosensory regions and mobility outcomes between groups receiving continuous vs. intermittent artificial gravity.

Impacts of Spaceflight Experience on Human Brain Structure

This study examines how spaceflight duration and prior experience affect brain structure in astronauts, finding greater ventricular expansion and white matter decline with longer missions and more prior flights.

Analysis of the Influence of Hypergravity State in the Simulated Aerospace Flight Environment on the Cardiac Structure of Amphibians during Development

This study examines how hypergravity affects the cardiac structure of amphibian larvae during development, finding structural changes and reduced cardiac function.

Daily Artificial Gravity is Associated with Greater Neural Efficiency during Sensorimotor Adaptation

This study shows that daily artificial gravity reduces brain activation during sensorimotor adaptation compared to head-down tilt bed rest.

Designing a novel monitoring approach for the effects of space travel on astronauts' health

The paper analyzes gene expression data from astronauts to identify differentially expressed genes and designs a 32-gene assay to monitor health effects of space travel.

Gravitational and mechanical forces drive mitochondrial translation

The paper shows that gravity and mechanical forces influence mitochondrial translation by affecting signaling pathways and malonylation of the translational machinery.

Assessing the Nucleotide-Level Impact of Spaceflight Stress using RNA-Sequencing Data

This study uses RNA-Seq data from GeneLab to assess DNA sequence variants linked to spaceflight stress, finding more mutations in spaceflight samples than controls.

Tandem Walk in Simulated Martian Gravity and Visual Environment

The paper evaluates how simulated Martian gravity and visual-vestibular conflicts affect tandem walking performance in a virtual reality environment.

Astronauts Gaze Behavior in Visual Target Acquisition during Space Shuttle Flights

This study examines how weightlessness affects astronauts' gaze behavior during space shuttle flights, finding changes related to flight day and target eccentricity.

RNA sequencing on muscle biopsy from a 5-week bedrest study reveals the effect of exercise and potential interactions with dorsal root ganglion neurons

The paper uses RNA sequencing on muscle biopsies from a bed-rest study to show exercise reduces deconditioning-related gene expression changes and ligand-receptor interactions with DRG neurons.

Continuous Daily Head and Trunk Acceleration Recording for the Assessment of Bone Stimulation in Astronauts

The paper assesses bone stimulation through head and trunk acceleration measurements in healthy subjects to evaluate their sufficiency in maintaining bone mineral density.

The effects of long duration spaceflight on sensorimotor control and cognition

This study examines how long-duration spaceflight affects sensorimotor control and cognition, finding transient declines in mobility, balance, and bimanual coordination that recover within 30 days, while cognitive performance remains stable.

Cell responses to simulated microgravity and hydrodynamic stress can be distinguished by using comparative transcriptomic analysis

The paper distinguishes T cell responses to simulated microgravity and hydrodynamic stress using transcriptomic analysis and identifies differentially expressed genes associated with each condition.